文档介绍：Lecture 3 Word Formation of Medical Terms
Building Elements
Root
Prefix
Suffix
Combining Vowel
Root
A roa → gastrorrhagia
splen/o + rhaphy → splenorrhaphy
a + rhythm + ia → arrhythmia
Word Formation
Affixation
Composition
Conversion
Blending
Backformation
Clipping
Initialism and Acronym
Affixation
Affixation: formation of words by means of affixes (prefix and suffix).
prefixation
suffixation
Prefixation
a prefix is attached to the front of base
autograft
isograft
allograft (homograft)
xenograft (heterograft)
Suffixation
a suffix is attached to the end of base
immune
immunity
immunize
immunization
Rules Of Word Formation
Arrangement of the morphemes
(1) lymphadenitis→ lymph＋aden＋itis
1 2 3
淋巴 腺 炎症
mastectomy → mast＋ectomy
4 5
乳房 切除术
lipoma → lip＋oma
6 7
脂肪 肿瘤
Rules Of Word Formation
mastadenitis
mastitis
adenoma
lipectomy
adenitis
lymphoma
lymphadenoma
mastadenoma
adenolipoma
lymphadenectomy
adenectomy
Rules Of Word Formation
(2) phagocyte — cytophagy
blastocyte — cytoblast
Two situations of the combination of the morphemes: parallel connection and restrictive connection
Rules Of Word Formation
nasopharyngeal pharyngonasal
↓ ↓
nose throat
dentosurgical
↓ ↓
tooth surgery
dyschondroplasia chondrodysplasia
↓ ↓ ↓
bad cartilage development, formation
Typical Patterns of Affixation
+ root
. inject : in- (into) + jec (t)- (to throw)
put material into a particular location, often using a syringe
2. prefix + combinin