文档介绍:古诗词曲英译中含蓄的处理
引言
从诗的意境上分析
托具体形象,言情寓意
揣摩他人,表达自己
借题发挥,指东道西
从诗的修辞格上分析
借代
比喻
引用典989.)
2. 变通(增译和改译)
以曹植的《七步诗》为例:
煮豆燃豆萁,豆在釜中泣。
本是同根生,相煎何太急?
借题发挥,指东道西
1. 直译
以金昌绪的《春怨》为例:
打起黄莺儿,莫教枝上啼。
啼时惊妾梦,不得到辽西。
译文:
That golden oriole, do chase her away.
With her warbling in the tree, my dreams would be ruined;
I’d never get to the far frontier.
(王守义,唐宋诗词英译)
2. 变通
杜牧的《秋夕》:
银烛秋光冷画屏,轻罗小扇扑流萤。
天阶夜色凉如水,坐看牵牛织女星。
译文如下:
The painted screen is chilled in silver candlelight,
She uses silk fan to catch passing fireflies.
The steps seem steeped in water when cold grows the night,
She lies watching heart-broken stars shed tears in the skies.
(许渊冲,唐诗三百首新译,2019)
从诗的修辞格上分析
借代
1. 译出借体
李清照的《如梦令》:
昨夜雨疏风骤,浓睡不消残酒。试问卷帘人,却道海棠依旧。知否?知否?应是绿肥红瘦。
后五句的译文为:
I asked the maid who’s rolling up the screen.
“The same crab-apple tree,” she says, “is seen.”
“But don’t you know,
Oh, don’t you know,
The red should languish and the green must grow.”
(许渊冲,宋词三百首,1992)
请看元稹的《行宫》:
寥落古行宫,宫花寂寞红。
白头宫女在,闲坐说玄宗。
译文如下:
Deserted now the Imperial bowers,
Save by some few poor lonely flowers...
One white-haired dame,
An Emperor’s flame,
Sits down and tells of bygone hours.
(吕叔湘,英译唐人绝句白首,1980)
比喻
请看李煜的《相见欢》:
无言独上西楼,月如钩。寂寞梧桐深院锁清秋。
剪不断,理还乱,是离愁。别是一番滋在心头。
最后四句的译文如下:
Unbreakable,
Uncontrollable,
Is the sorrow of parting,
To my heart aforetime unknown.
(陈君仆,词一百零一首.)
3. 译出喻体和本体
以张九龄的《赋得自君之出矣》:
自君之出矣,不复理残机;
思君如满月,夜夜减清辉。
译文如下:
Since you, sir, went away,
I have not returned to tend my fading loom,
For thinking of you, I am like the moon at the full,
That nightly wanes and loses its bright splendor.