文档介绍：By laurinda By laurinda ?所谓猜测词义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。它是一种非常有用的阅读技巧,通过上下文提供的线索或生词本身的结构特点对词义作出正确判断,能提高阅读速度和阅读能力。 ?以定义为线索猜测词义?以对词的举例及解释猜测词义?以构词法猜测词义?以同义词、近义词为线索猜测词义?以反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义?以重述为线索猜测词义?以因果关系为线索猜测词义定义法( definition ) ?利用文章中对词的定义猜测词义,由于作者知道某个词读者可能不认识,便在句中给该词下个定义以帮助读者理解。下定义是最容易辨认的一种语境线索,定义的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with ,be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify 等; Examples ? Anthropology is the scientific study of man. ? Ventilation , as you know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. ? He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks. ? Such experiences are not unusual for the amateur conchologists , people who collects shells. ? Anthropology 人类学? Ventilation 通风系统? Prestidigitator 变戏法的人? Conchologists 贝壳学者举例法?利用文章中对词的举例及解释猜测词义。举例常用词: such as, for example, for instance 等等。?例: In the corner there maybe a Christmas tree with its branches decorated with shining ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls, and sometimes hung with gifts. ? Ornaments 饰品构词法( word-building ) ?利用词的前缀和后缀及复合词等方法猜测词义。? He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious , for a few minutes. ? Then Jonny came out and told us an extraordinary story. ? semiconscious 半清醒的? extraordinary 非凡的,离奇的以同义词、近义词为线索猜测词义?有时作者为了使他的意思表达得更清楚明白,通常用一个同义词或近义词来解释另一个比较难的词或关键词,这些同义词或近义词为读者推断生词词义提供了线索。另外,有时作者在表达同一概念时喜欢用两个或更多的同义词或近义词,其中必定有读者所熟悉的词,根据已知的词语,就不难推断出生词的词义。? or 有时可作为识别同义词或近义词的信号词。? like ( 像.... 一样), as....as (如同.... 一样), the same as ( 与...相同)等也可以作为识别生词的同义词或近义词的信号词,以这些词为线索,有时也可以推断出生词的词义。? The new tax law supersedes , or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. ? Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. The principle of the school was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter. ? supersedes 取代? plump 肥胖的