文档介绍：中学英语基础知识分类总复习
名词性从句包括
△.主语从句(在复合句中作主句的主语)
引导词:that(无任何意义,不充当任何成分,只是单纯的连词,不可以省略,也可以用it作形式主语,that引导的从句放在句末)
eg. That he will eed is certain.—→It’s certain that he’ll eed .
Whether(从句置于句首时必须用whether,置于句尾时,有时if可与whether交换)
eg. Whether she will go there is not know.
wh-疑问词(有意义,根据词性特点充当相应成分)
what(……东西) who(谁) which(哪一) when(何时) where(什么地方) why(为什么) how(怎样,如何)
whatever,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever,(无论什么,无论谁,无论何时,无论在哪里)语气比what,who,when等强烈。
△宾语从句(在复合句中作主句的宾语,放在动词,介词,)
引导词:that (无任何意义,不充当任何成分,常省略)
(think,believe,suppose,expect等后接that引导宾从,形式上否定主句,意义上否定从句)
eg. I don't think you are right.
whether,if(从句中有or,not时,不可用if取代。从句作介词宾语时,不可用if取代)
eg. I don't know whether he e or not.
Everything depends on whether you agree with us.
wh-特殊疑问词(意义即为疑问词本身的含义)
whatever,whomever,whichever(语气比what,whom,which强些)
△宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序
△宾语从句的时态必须与主句呼应
主语谓动现在或将来时,从句可按需要使用任何时态
主句谓动过去时,从句中用过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时,
主句谓动过去时,从句叙述某一客观真理时,从句时态用一般现在时。
△表语从句(在复合句中作主句的表语,放在be动词/联系动词之后)
(无任何意义,不充当任何句子成分,不可省略)
eg. The trouble is that we are short of money
whether(“是否”,不可用if代替)
eg. It was uncertain whether he e.
不确定的是他是否要来
The first question is whether it is true or not.
wh-疑问词(what,who,which;when,where,why,how).注意:表语从句的语序也要用陈述句的语序)
eg. The problem is how we could make him understand it.
as if/though (“似乎”,)
eg. He looks as if he were angry.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
△同位语从句(,idea,news,dream等的后面,用以解释或说明前面的名词,在句中作同位语)
引导词:that(在下列名词后可用that引导同位语从句,answer,belief,doubt,fact,hope,idea,information,knowledge,law,news,, suggestion,thought,truth,word等)
wh-疑问词(no idea后用when,where,how等)
△表命令、要求、,即谓动用“should+动尾”
△注意同从与定从的区别
同从的引导词无意义,不充当成分,不可省略,同从与其说明的n/pron应为同一内容。定从的引导词在从句中作成分,对先行词的一个限定说明

限制性定语从句
引导词:关系代词 who,whom,that,whose(某人的);which,that,whose(of which)(某物的)
介词+关系代词,介词+whom/which/whose+n.
关系副词 when,where,why
注意:(1)只用that作关系代词的场合
只用who作关系代词的场合
只用which作关系代词的场