文档介绍：初中英语语法小结
一、名词复数变化
1、一般在词尾加-s。
如:girls、 boys、 bookspens
2、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词在词尾加-es。(stomach除外。)
如: classes,boxes,matches,brushes
3、以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加-es。
如: city-cities、 country-countries
4、以f 或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v在加-es。
如: knife-knives,leaf-leaves, wife-wives
5、以o结尾的,有的加-s,有的加-es。
如: Heroes、 potatoes、tomatoes、
Negroes、 mosquitoes、pianos
6、合成词的复数变化:
。如:
men-teachers、women-doctors
:
apple-trees、runners-up
有男有女都改变,无男无女变主干。
7、不规则的复数变化:
man-men、 woman-women、
tooth-teeth、 foot-feet、
child- children、 goose-geese、
mouse-mice、 ox-oxen、
policeman-policemen、 deer-deer、
tooth-teeth、 sheep-sheep、
policewoman-policewomen、
Chinese-Chinese、
Japanese-Japanese、
goldfish-goldfish、 aircraft-aircraft
二、所有格
在有生命的名词或人名后加’s。例如:
the president’s office、 my sister’s husband’s uncle’puter、 Women’s Day
以s结尾的直接加’。例如:the teachers’ reading-room、 the students’ dormitory 、Mr Joones’ car
两个人分有的东西,在两个人名字后都加’s。例如:Lucy’and Lily’brushes
两个人所共有的东西,只在后者后架’s。例如:Lucy and Lily’s bed-room
双重所有格:“of”与“’”都用。例如:
an old friend of my mother’s
三、形容词、副词的
三级比较
(一).原级比较:as…as 与not as\so…as句型
1、He is as ugly as a toad.
2、His words are as sweet as honey.
3、My son is as strong as a horse.
4、Jim is as cunning as a fox.
5、Mr Wang is as busy as a bee.
6、He is as quiet as a lamb.
7、Tom isn’t as tall as Tim.
8、Mike isn’t so stupid as an ass.
9、Beijing isn’t so beautiful as my hometown.
(二)、比较和最高级
构成法:
1、一般情况在词尾直接加-er、-est。
2、以e结尾在词尾加-r、-st。
3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-er、-est。
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的词双写这一字母,再加-er、-est。
5、多音节词在词前加more、(the) most。
6、不规则:
good\well-better-best little-less-least
bad\ill\badly-worse-worst
far-farther\further-farthest\furthest
old-older\elder-oldest\eldest
Much\many-more-most
用法举例
比较级:
1、It takes less time to go there by plane than by train.
2、She is more intelligent than I imagined.
3、Skiing is more exciting than skating.
4、He plays the piano better than your sister.
5、We arrived earlier than usual.
比较级前可用a little、 a bit、 much、 even 等修饰。
6、Let’s go by car. I