文档介绍：1 《周易》与《黄帝内经》摘要: 中医学理论体系的形成,与中国古代哲学有密切的联系。尤其是《周易》的自然哲学对中医学理论的奠基之作《黄帝内经》影响巨大, 自古即有医易同源之说。《周易》对《内经》之影响是多方面的,本文仅选择阴阳、变易、时位中、象数,来探讨二者之间的关系。阴阳导源于《周易》,《内经》在医学方面作了发展;《内经》对变易运动、时位中概念的吸收, 使中医学呈现出有别于西医学的民族特色;象数是中医学建立理论体系的方法。关键词:周易;内经;阴阳; 变易;象数 Abstract: The forming of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine was closely linked with ancient Chinese philosophy. In particular, Zhouyi exerted so great influence on the Internal Canon of the Yellow Emperor which is considered the foundation classic of traditional medicine that the saying “ traditional Chinese medicine and Zhouyi share the same origin ” became in vogue from the ancient times even up to 2 now. The Internal Canon of the Yellow Emperor was impacted by Zhouyi in many aspects of which the author only selected Ying-yang, changing, appropriate time place, and image number to discuss. Yin-yang theory originated from Zhouyi and was improved by the Internal Canon in traditional medicine. By adopting the concepts of“ changing ” and “ appropriate time place ”, the Internal Canon turns out the national characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine different from western medicine. And the image-number theory was based on asa mean by traditional Chinese medicine to establish its theoretic system. Key words: Zhouyi; the Internal Canon; Yin-yang; changing; image-number 一、阴阳虽然在《易经》中并没有关于阴阳的直接论述, 但阴阳思想无疑是包含在《易经》中的。构成《易经》符号系统的最基本的要素“—”、“”作为两个性质相反的东西, 代表着宇宙间最基本的两种力量或趋势。由于这两种初始力量或趋势的相互作用而产生整个宇宙及人类社会。《易经》作者用阴阳爻的不同组合构成八经卦和六十四卦, 阴阳思想蕴含其中。《易传》微显阐幽,明确地揭橥出阴阳大义。“一阴一阳之谓道”、“阴阳不测之谓神”,认为宇宙间 3 最基本的规律就是一阴一阳的对立统一, 阴阳对立统一的奇妙作用产生宇宙万物,所谓“神也者,妙万物而为言者也”(《说卦传》)。《内经》发挥《周易》的阴阳思想,说:“夫五运阴阳者, 天地之道也, 万物之纲纪, 变化之父母, 生杀之本始, 神明之府也, 可不通乎! 故物生谓之化, 物极谓之变, 阴阳不测谓之神, 神用无方谓之圣。”(《素问. 天元纪大论》) 显然,这段论述是对《易传》阴阳思想的阐发。《内经》认为,阴阳是天地万物的总规律,是天地万物产生、发展、壮大、衰亡的内在动力, 是现象世界纷繁灿烂而又秩然有序的幕后指挥者。《周易》和《内经》都认为, 阴阳普遍存在于万事万物之中, 阴阳的对立统一、调畅、和谐是事物存在、发展、变化的条件。在阴阳的关系上, 《周易》认为,阴阳双方在事物发展过程中所起的作用是不同的,“成象之谓乾, 效法之谓坤”(《系辞上》), 《》曰: “大哉!乾元,万物资始,乃统天。云行雨施,品物流行。”《》曰: “至哉!坤元,万物资生,乃顺承天,坤厚载物,德合无