文档介绍：初三的英语语法知识点大全
下面这则(广告)中的形容词“irresistable”里的后缀(suffix)不对,应当把“-able”改为“-ible”:
“Weoffer:competitivemonthlysalary,weeklyin
初三的英语语法知识点大全
下面这则(广告)中的形容词“irresistable”里的后缀(suffix)不对,应当把“-able”改为“-ible”:
“Weoffer:competitivemonthlysalary,weeklyincentives,attractivetransportallowance,incentivetripsandirresistableperformancebonus.”
究竟是“-able”,还是“-ible”?这两者有何不同?
现在先从形容词的其他后缀谈起。
形容词后缀分两大类。一类是加到名词上的;另一类是加到动词上的。
㈠加到名词上的主要有:①-y,如:bloody,dirty,healthy,juicy,muddy;②-ly,如:costly,friendly,lovely,orderly,timely;③-ful,如:careful,faithful,helpful,peaceful,useful;④-less,如:careless,harmless,noiseless,senseless,useless;⑤-ous/-ious,如:dangerous;courageous,envious,mysterious;⑥-al/-tal/-ial/-tial,如:accidental,horizontal,colonial,influential;⑦-ic/-etic/-atic,如:artistic,sympathetic,systematic;⑧-ish,如:childish,foolish,selfish;⑨-like,如:life-like,business-like,war-like;⑩-ed/-en,如:skilled,horned,golden,wooden.
㈡加到动词上的有:①-ent/-ant,如:dependent,different,observant,pleasant;②-able/-ible,如:agreeable,comfortable,defensible,sensible;③-ive/-tive/-ative/-itive,如:active,attentive,imaginative,sensitive;④-ed/-en,如:advanced,noted,stolen,swollen;⑤-ing,如:annoying,disgusting,entertaining.
-able/ible消失在其次类后缀中,“-able”后缀的形容词属英语体系的字:“-ible”后缀的形容词则来自拉丁体系。前者数量大,后者数量少,主要的是下面这些,可以特殊留意:
accessible,apprehensible,audible,compatible,contemptible,convertible,corrigible,destructible,digestible,divisible,defensible,edible,eligible,exhaustible,fallible,feasible,flexible,forcible,horrible,illegible,intelligible,negligible,perceptible,possible,responsible,resistible,sensible,suspectible,tangible,terrible,visible.
现在顺便把名词、动词和副词主要后缀提出,作为参考:
⑴名词后缀
-ment,-t,-ture,-ion/-ition,-al,-ance,-ent,-er,-ant等。这些名词后缀都要加到适当的动词上,如:arrangement,restraint,fixture,celebration,extension,competition,renewal,assistance,resident,exporter,attendant.
-ness,-y/-ty/-ity,-th,-ce/-cy等,可以加到适当的形容词上如:darkness,kindness,honesty,loyalty,simplicity,truth,warmth,importance,absence,ungency,efficiency.
⑵动词后缀:
加到名词上的有-en,-ise/-ize,-fy,-ate,如:frighten,apologis