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HeroisminEarnestHemingway’s
TheOldManandtheSea
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HeroisminEarnestHemingway’sTheOldManandtheSea
EarnestHemingway(1899-1961)wasborninOakPark,Illinois,aprosperoussuburbofChicagoin1899,,aphysician,,voiceteacher,andfeminist.
Ⅱ.“”.(Cohen10)Then,,with6novels:InOurTime(1925),TheTorrentsofSpring(1926),TheSunAlsoRises(1926),AFarewelltoArms(1929),ForWhomtheBellTolls(1940),TheOldManandtheSea(1952);andmorethan50shortstories,suchasMenwithoutWomen(1927),TheWinnerTakeNothing(1933),TheFifthColumnandFirstForty-MineStories(1938);,anovelofthe“lostgeneration”(Joseph13).In1952hepublishedTheOldManandtheSeathatwasanovellaforwhichhewasawardedthePulitzerPrize.
HemingwaypublishedhislastnovelTheOldManandtheSeain1952.“HeoncelivedinCubaandheoftenwenttodeepwatertocatchfish”.“Hewasanexperiencedfisherman”(詹志20).SoinTheOldManandtheSea,theoldmanofthetitle,namedSantiago,,anditisnotverycomplicatedinplotseither.
,,,-fourdays,,theboyhastoleavehimforanotherluckierboatathisparents’-,courage,,,,buthewinsavictoryforhimselfbecauseheknowsthathefoughtwellandhehasthecouragetotryitagain.
Hemingway’’scode,thetypeofheroshouldhavestrongwilltofacedefeatorvictorywithoutcomplainingorother’shelp;thetypeofheroshouldhavepridetoknowthatonehasdoneone’sbest,withthecouragetoacttrulyaccordingtoone’sownnature;andthetypeofheroshouldbeabletoendurepain,evenloss---,,.
InTheOldManandtheSea,theheroisSantiago,anoldfisherman.“Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated”.“Butmanisnotmadefordefeat”.(EarnestHemingway
78)Thisisthebeliefoftheoldman’,,heisoptimistic.
Hemingway’shero,Santiago,’sson,Gegory,oncesaidthat“theheroesinHemingway’swritingswereHemingwayhimselfortheywerethebestelementsinthebodyofHemingway”().Inthenovel,theoldmanbringstofullcircleHemingway’suseofthemythicalhero,forSantiagoisagainaherowithadifferentface.“Heisamodernadaptationofthesaint”(陈峰18).
Therearefourplotsexpressingheroisminthenovel.
,Santiago,isanold,poorandpatheticfishermanfishingaloneinaskiffintheGulfStream.
“-….”(EarnestHemingway2)
Fromthisdepiction,-yearfishinglife.
“Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolorastheseaandwerecheerfulandundefeated”(EarnestHemingway2).,,hebeatstheNegro,,.
Althoughtheoldmanhasnofamilymembers,relatives,evenmanygoodfriends,,inreturn,istheprotectoraswellaspupilprovidingrefreshment,,however,,theboyistheoldman’smindgoodcompany.
Santiagofightsinhislonelyoldageagainstthelossofhisstrength,,“manisnotmadefordefeat”and“amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated”(EarnestHemingway78).“,experienceandanindestructiblespiritmakeSantiago,theoldfisherman,arealman”(何木英杜平208).
,Santiagohasgoneeighty--,butforhehascontinuedtofishatseaforeighty-,:?-fourdaysmeansnothing,,,hefirmlybelievesinwhatheisdoingnowandwhathewilldo,,,
up.
Whenitcomestotheeighty-fifthday,,-,.
,buthechoosestostayonehundredfathomsdeepdowninthesea,,,,,,hemissestheboyverymuch,,theoldmanisfullofhopeanddetermination.“IwillstaywithyouuntilIamdead”,“Iwillkillhiminallhisgreatnessandhisglory”(EarnestHemingway80).Hetakeshissufferingsandwaitsforthemostexcitingmomenttocometokillthefish.
,whentheoldmanreturns,“Hehadgoneouttoofarbefore”(EarnestHemingway89).Atthistime,’.
Firstofall,
head,;’sblood,,.
“Theoldmanwasfullofresolutionbuthehadlittlehope.……IcannotkeephimfromhittingmebutmaybeIcangethim.”(EarnestHemingway76)
“Butmanisnotmadefordefeat,’hesaid.‘Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.”(EarnestHemingway79)
“‘Fightthem,’hesaid.‘IwillfightthemuntilIdie’”.(EarnestHemingway93)
Heroically,,,heloseshishard-’struggling,theoldmanwillreturnhishomewithnothingbutafishskeleton.
AccordingtoHemingway,’:whenfacedwiththebad,seriousormiserablefate,manshouldnotbediscouraged,andheshouldbebraveandconfidenttostrugglewithit.
Inthelastplot,theoldmanhasanewdream,whichalsooccursasthebeginningofthework,
“Hebegantodreamofthelongyellowbeachandhesawthefirstofthelionscomeclownontoitintheearlydarkandthentheotherlionscame……andhewaitedtoseeiftherewouldbemorelionsandhewashappy”(EarnestHemingway14).
Attheendofthework,theoldmanandtheyoungboypreparestohaveanotherfishingtripinthesea,andtheoldmandreamslionsagain.“Theoldmanwasdreamingaboutthelions”(EarnestHemingway105).
,healsolovesthestruggleinhisownlife,,.
Afterlosingthehugemarlin,theoldmanstartshiswayhome,’’.
Generally,itisagreedinthecriticalworldthatHemingway’,,becausehehasanextraordinarycharacter.
Ontheonehand,theoldman’,.
Ontheotherhand,Santiagoisbrave,confident,,Santiago’,.
Thirdly,whenSantiagobeginstosail,heresolvestosailoutbeyondtheotherfishermen.“.”(EarnestHemingway21)Itshowsthegreatprideanddeterminationoftheoldman.