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Machine Theory
Mechanism and Machine Theory 43 (2008) 549–564
ate/mechmt
Model of the process of load unit stream sorting by means
of flexible active fence
T. Piatkowski a,*, J. Sempruch b
a University of Technology and Life Sciences, Department of Postal Technology, Al. prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-793 Bydgoszcz, Poland
b University of Technology and Life Sciences, Department of Control and Machinery Design, Al. prof. S. Kaliskiego 7,
85-793 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Received 30 June 2006; received in revised form 21 May 2007; accepted 22 May 2007
Available online 6 July 2007
Abstract
The paper presents results of simulation of a sorting process applied to a stream of unit loads (cubiform parcels) carried
on a belt conveyer. The sorting was performed by means of an active fence (a springy arm, of one degree of freedom, mak-
ing rotary motion over the conveyer). The examination was based on theoretical models, in which elastic-damping prop-
erties of the manipulated load were described by a modified Kelvin model, and those of the arm – with the use of the
Timoshenko beam model. The equation describing the motion of the fence along with the interacting object was derived
based on the method of rigid finite elements (RFE). The developed model makes it possible to assess the influence of the
fence’s constructional and exploitation parameters on the process of sorting, and evaluate dynamic forces exerted on the
manipulated loads.
Ó 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Sorting process; Active fence; Unit load
1. Introduction
The process of sorting of unit loads (cubiform objects, parcels) belongs to typical operations carried out in
the transport centres where concentration of transported goods is high (central post offices, transit stores, and
airports). It consists in dividing the stream of load into new shipment directions according to the criteria rec-
ognized by the scanning system [1]. One of the