文档介绍：一般过去时和过去进行时
重点:1、了解一般过去时的构成以及用法;
2、了解过去进行时的构成以及用法。
一般过去时
表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。句子的谓语要用动词的过去式,这种时态叫一般过去时。
一般过去时的谓语不管主语的人称和单复数都用动词的过去式表示,动词的过去式有规则与不规则两种。规则动词的过去式在动词原形后加-ed, 不规则动词的过去式要逐个记忆。
规则动词的过去式变化方式如下:
情况
变化规则
例词
一般情况
在动词原形后
加-ed
start→started work →worked
enjoy→enjoyed finish →finished
以不发音的
e 结尾的词
在动词后加-d
phone→phoned live →lived
move→ moved hope →hoped
以辅音字母+y结尾的词
变y为 i,
再加-ed
cry →cried carry →carried
try →tried study →studied
以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词
双写该辅音字母,再加-ed
plan→planned stop →stopped
不规则动词的过去式(举例)
begin → began go → went see → saw ` do → did
get → e →came leave →left am →was
are → were give → gave have → had think → thought
1)实义动词的一般过去时的否定式和疑问式要用助动词did帮助构成。疑问句的简单回答也要用助动词。(Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t)
否定句构成: 主语+ did not (didn’t) + 动词原形…
例如:
I didn’ t see your sister last Sunday. 我上星期天没看见你的姐姐。
He did not go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没有去看电影.
疑问句构成:Did + 主语+ 动词原形…?
例如:— Did you enjoy the film? 你喜欢这部电影吗?
--- Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 是的,我喜欢。/ 不,我不喜欢。
--- Did she go back before noon? 她是中午前回来的吗?
--- Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 是的,她是的。/ 不,她不是。
2)”是”动词be (was, were) 的一般过去时的否定句和疑问句不用助动词did,直接用’ was, were提问(放在主语前面)构成疑问句,在”是“动词后加not 构成否定句: was not / wasn’t were not / weren’t。回答也一样。
例如: Was he at home last night? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
Were you in Class 1, Grade 3 last year? Yes, I was , / No, I wasn’t.
Was your father busy last week? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
When were you born? I was born in 1990.
Where were they last summer holiday? They were in Beijing.
I was not born in 1988.
We were not free yesterday.
1)表示在确定的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
常用的时间状语有: yesterday, last week(month, year…), an hour ago, the other day (几天前) ,just now (刚才), in 1998等。例如:
I sent e-mail to my best friend yesterday. 我昨天给我最好的朋友发邮件。
They didn’t have a meeting last Tuesday. 他们上个星期二没有开会。
She didn’t go shopping this morning. 她今天上午没有支购物。
Where did you go just now? 你刚才去哪儿了?
注意:描写已故的