文档介绍：该【初中英语定语从句讲解 】是由【gorynich】上传分享，文档一共【10】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【初中英语定语从句讲解 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。初中英语定语从句讲解
初中定语从句讲解Matchthetwosentences:
’.
I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.
.
Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.
’’tlikethemanwho/thatissmoking.
?Youboughtitlastweek.
Whereisthepicture(which/that)youboughtlastweek?
定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词后面。
例:
关系代词Ilikemusicwhich/
句
关系词:引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为
关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)
关系副词(when,where,why)。
关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分,关系副词在句中作状语。
关系代词which,that引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示物体的名词或代词,关系代词应用which,that(作主语或宾语)关系代词作为主语时不能省略,作为宾语是可以省略。
例:
作为主语不能省略:
Thisisadream.
Thedreamwillnevercometrue.
Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.
Thedoghasbeenfound.
Thedogwaslost.
Thedogwhich/thatwaslosthasbeenfound.
Thebookismine.
Thebookislyingonthefloor.
Thebookwhich/thatislyingonthefloorismine.
作为宾语能省略:
Thisisthecard.
I’vejustreceivedthecard.
Thisisthecard(which/that)I’vejustreceived.
Thisisthemistake.
Ialwaysmakethemistake.
Thisisthemistake(which/that)Ialwaysmake.
Istillkeeptheletters.
Shewroteletterstome.
Istillkeeptheletters(which/that)shewrotetome.
Ilostthepen.
myfatherboughtmethepen.
Ilostthepen(which/that)myfatherboughtme.
关系代词who,that,whom,whose引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词,关系代词用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语)
whose(作定语)
例:
作主语不能省略:
Thisisthefilmstar.
ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.
Thisisthefilmstarwho/thatisverypopularinChina.
TheboyiscalledRoy.
Theboybrokethewindow.
TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.
Doyouknowtheman?
Themanspokeatthemeetingyesterday.
Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?
Thegirlismycousin.
Thegirliswateringtheflowers.
:
做宾语能省略:
Themanisafamouswriter.
Hedescribedthemanjustnow.
Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语)
Theboyismyfriend.
I'mlookingfortheboy.
Theboy(who/that/whom)I'mlookingforismyfriend.
Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.
Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.
Thethief(who/that/whom)thepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.
whose作定语,表示所属关系。
Theboyismyfriend.
Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.
Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyfriend.
Theyarehelpingtheman.
Theman’scarisbroken.
Theyarehelpingthemanwhosecarisbroken.
Pleasepassmethebook.
Thecoverofthebookisred.
Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisred.
例:
(B)Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).’
只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种:
,any,few,little,none,
anything,everything,nothing,everybody,
nobody,everyone,noone或被这些词所修饰时。
That’sallthatIknow.
IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?
Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.
。
ThatisthemostboringbookthatIhaveeverread.
ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistodomyhomework.
,theonly,thesame等修饰时。
That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.
Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.
ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.
,定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.
Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?
Whichisthepenthatyoulost?
,关系词用that.
ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.
,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.
ThereisabookthatbelongstoTomonthedesk.
关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况:
,those时
What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk,
Thisistheroominwhichhelives.
Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.
关系词只能用whom,而不用that/who的情况:
关系代词前面有介词时
Heistheboywithwhommymotheristalking.
who/which/that在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
1)Iprefershoesthatarecool.
2)Ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious.
3)Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.
4)Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.
Exercise1:用关系代词填空
which/-pongismyclassmate.
who/-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.
.
?’.
?
.
?.
定语从句关系副词的用法:
1、Where指地点,在从句中充当地点状语。
Thisistheplacewherewelivedtenyearsago.
=inwhich
2、When指时间,在从句中充当时间状语。
HetoldmethedatewhenhejoinedtheParty.
=onwhich
3、Why指原因,在定语从句中充当原因状语。
Iknowthereasonwhyshewassoangry.
=forwhich
关系副词when,where和关系代词that,which的区别:
同样是修饰一个地点,有时使用where,有时使用that/which;
同样是修饰一个时间,有时使用when,有时使用that/which。这主要看两点:
1、先行词在从句中所作成分;
2、定语从句中的谓语动词是否一个及物动词。
(which/that)wevisitedlastyear.
Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.
=inwhich
’tforgetthedays(which/that)shespentontheisland.
Shewon’tforgetthedaywhentheystayedtogether.
=onwhich
分析例题:
1)Thisisthefactory_B_Ivisitedlastyear.
2)Thisisthefactory_A_Iworkedlastyear.
3)ThisisthefactoryBproducesallkindsofTVsets.
以上三个句子只有细微的差别,但答案却不同:做这种题时,要通过还原先行词,看先
行词在定语从句中所充当的成分;
1)还原为:,因此选which
2)还原为:Iworkedinthefactory,factory应在定语从句中作地点状语,因此选where3)还原为:thefactoryproducesallkinds…是作定语从句中的主语,不作地点状语,因
此选which
4)Canyoulendmethenovel_D_theotherday?
还原后为:,先行词在句中作宾语,
关系代词可以用which/that或者不填。
例题(一):
'spalace.
.
.
(二):
?
?
(三):
,
.
(四):
.
.
句子翻译:
.
Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.
.
Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle
.
IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.
.
Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.