文档介绍：该【Language shift and the emergence (or not) of bilingual identities语言转移而出现的双语标识 】是由【孔乙己】上传分享，文档一共【25】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【Language shift and the emergence (or not) of bilingual identities语言转移而出现的双语标识 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。Languageshiftandtheemergence(ornot)ofbilingualidentities语言转移而出现的双语标识
Statisticsperlanguage
Language
Numberofspeakers
%ofnationalpopulation
Regionsmostwidelyused
isiZulu
KwaZulu-Natal,Mpumalanga
isiXhosa
EasternCape,WesternCape
Afrikaans
NorthernCape,WesternCape
Sepedi
Limpopo
English
WesternCape,KwaZulu-Natal
Setswana
North-west,NorthernCape
Sesotho
Freestate
Xitsonga
Limpopo
siSwati
Mpumalanga
TshiVenda
Limpopo
isiNdebele
712000
Mpumalanga
IntroductionofDutch(Afrikaans)andEnglishtorepertoireofSAlanuages
1652:DutchEastIndiatradingcompany(VOC)officiallyestablished halfway-station;
Precedingthiseventwere164yearsoftradingcontact,mostafter 1497–thusinthe50yrsbeforeVOCsettlement.
1658: introductionofslaverytosouthernAfrica;slavesofvaryingethnic backgrounds–mostdiverseofanyrecordedslavesociety(Shell 1994),a‘polyglotsociety’;needtocommunicatenotonlywith Dutchmasters,alsowithfellowworkers(Roberge2019); slaveryofficiallyabolishedin1808.
1795: FirstBritishoccupation;shortinterlude(1803–1806)–by1820 therewere757BritonslivinginCapeTown;Britishauthority initiallyhad“lighttouchgovernment”,limitedinterferencein establishedDutchstructures.
OntheoriginsofAfrikaans
RegardedbysomeasdialectalvariantofDutch;
SometimesconsideredarestructuredversionofDutch(thussimilartoanL2varietyoftheTL)–imperfectL2-acquisitionofDutchbynon-Europeans;
Identifiedbyothersas“semi-creole”(McWhorter2019) ,;
DenBesten(1989)suggeststheterm“fortcreole”(lessradicaldifferencefromlexifierlanguagethanisfoundinplantationcreoles);
Roberge(2019),althoughwaryofthe“CafeteriaPrinciple”,claimsandillustratesmultiplecausation.
OriginsandfirstspeakersofAfrikaans
Roberge(2019):ConvergenceModeloftheformationofAfrikaans
Dutchofsuperstratecommunitywashighlyvariable
JargonizedformsofDutch(andEnglish)emergedamongindigenouskhoekhoe–servedasmediumofinterethniccommunication(MIC)
AfricansandAsianswithnocommonlanguageusedjargonizedversionsofsuperstrateDutch–stableCapeDutchPidginby1710
MICdrewonrangeofresources:metropolitanDutch,CapeDutchPidgin,CreolePortuguese,Malay,Khoekhoedialects–innovation
SpeechoflocallybornslavesbecameelaboratedformofCapeDutchMIC,butnotmediumforcommunitysolidarity(MCS)
From1710avariationcontinuum–‘CapeDutchVernacular’(Deumert2019,2019)
Terminology
Languageshift:
“whenacommunitygivesupalanguagecompletelyinfavourofanotherone”(Fasold1984:213)
“wherethepossibilityexiststhatonelanguagewillgivewaypartiallyorcompletelytoanother”(NWTLiteracyCouncil2019:10)
MatrixLanguageFramemodel MatrixLanguagevsEmbeddedLanguageincode-switching:
asymmetryintheparticipationofthelanguagesinvolvedincode-switching(NBistheopen/closed-classdistinction(Joshi1985);distinctionbetweencontent/systemmorphemes(Myers-Scotton1993;Myers-Scottonetal2019,2000,2019)
identifiabilityofMatrixLanguage
preferenceforMatrixLanguagestructure,elements
Indicatorsoflanguageshift inWesternCapeAfrikaanscommunity
Firstlanguage
Familylanguage
Languageofeducation
Patternsofuseinreligiouspractices
Self-reportedproficiency
Languagepreferenceof3rdgeneration
Matrixlanguageturnover
MatrixLanguageTurnoverhypothesis
: LanguageAmatrix,LanguageBembedded
: compositeofLanguagesAandBasmatrix
: LanguageBmatrix,LanguageAembedded
(Myers-Scotton2019;Deuchar&Davies(2009)
Data
Participantsselected–threegenerations;generation1&2fromAfrikaansL1familieswhochosetoraisetheirchildrenasL1speakersofEnglish
Semi-structuredinterviews: participantsspecificallyaskedtoreflectonwhichlanguage theyregardtobetheirL1; generation2specificallyaskedtomotivatelanguage choiceinbringingupandschoolingtheirchildren
2019:3families,12individualsrepresenting3generations; 2019/9:13families,30individualsrepresenting3generations
2019:8-9hrsrecorded; 2019/9:12-14hrsrecorded
Transcriptioninprogress
Excerpt:generation1
Maar,Engelsis‘
But,
watjykangaan/praatEngelssêhulle./Soekkanniedaar,aseknouhiervandaanafgaan/ekhetin
thatyoucango/speakEnglish,saythey./SoIcanNEGthere,ifInowhere-fromgo/IAUXin
Durbangeweesvir‘npaar/vir‘nweek/asjydaargaan/selfsjoueiemensepraatniemetjou
Afrikaansnie/hullealmalpraatnieAfrikaansnie./EkhetinJohannesburggeweesvirtweedriedae/
AfrikaansNEG/theyeveryonetalkNEGAfrikaansNEG//
ekhetsewemaandedaargewerk/djymoetEngelspraat/ofjynounie/kanofniemaar
djymoetpraat./SoAfrikaansisvirjou/goed/djy’tgrootgeworddaarmee…
youmustspeak./SoAfrikaansisforyou/good/you-AUXwereraisedtherewith