文档介绍：该【英语专八翻译真题 】是由【非学无以广才】上传分享，文档一共【24】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【英语专八翻译真题 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。一种人的生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么原则可以衡量吗?提出一种绝对的原则固然很困难;但是,大体上看一种人看待生命的态度与否严肃认真,看她看待劳动、工作等等的态度如何,也就不难对这个人的存在乎义做出合适的估计了。古来一切有成就的人,都很严肃地看待自己的生命,当她活着一天,总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学****不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地挥霍掉。国内历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
How significant isa personslife?Is thereanystandard to measureit?Itwillbeverydifficulttoputforwardan absolutestandard,but ingeneral,thesignificanceofones existencecan beestimated byhowhetreatshislife, bywhatattitudehetakesto work andwhat wayshechoosestolive. Fromancient timesuptonow, all the accomplishedpeopletreattheirlivesvery seriously. Theywork and,learn asmuchas thebestoftheirlivesinvain,theydonotwant laboringpeople,great statesmenandthinkersofourcountryatallagestreasuretheirtimeinthisway. 
原文
Itissimple enoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclassesfiction,biography,poetry—we shouldseparatethem andtakefromeach whatitisrightthat eachshould peopleaskfrom bookswhatbookscangive tobookswith blurred anddividedminds,asking offictionthatitshall betrue, ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiography that it shall be flattering,of historythatitshall enforce our we could banishallsuchpreconceptionwhenwe read,that wouldbeanadmirablebeginning. Do notdictatetoyourauthor; try tobecome and ,andreserveandcriticizeat first,youarepreventingyourselffrom gettingthefullest possible valuefromwhat you ifyou openyourmind aswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefines,fromthetwistand turnofthefirst sentences,will bring youintothe presenceofahumanbeingunlike any ,acquaintyourselfwith this,andsoonyouwill findthatyourauthoris givingyou,or attemptingtogive you,something farmoredefinite. 
英译汉: 然而几乎没有什么人会从书中提问:书能给我们什么。最为普遍的是,我们接触书时怀有一种不甚清晰及与其相抵触的想法:规定故事必须是真实的,规定诗歌必须是虚构的,规定传记必须是唱赞歌的,规定历史必须可以增强读者原有的结识。我们读书时若能驱逐所有这些先入之见,读书就会有一种良好的开端。不要规定作家做什么,要设法使自己变成她,变成她的合伙者,她的同伙。如果你读书伊始就踌躇不决,持保存态度,或者要进行批评,你就不能从阅读中得到最大益处。如果你能尽量打开思路,那么极细微的美质符号和暗示都会从曲折婉转的语句中显现出来,把你引到一种与众不同的人面前。
   得病此前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,我顿感打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来。一种春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时来宾云集,笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片繁华,自己的哥姐,堂表兄弟,也穿插其间,个个喜气洋洋。一霎时,一阵被人摒弃,为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头,禁不住痛哭起来。
 BeforeIfellill,myparents doted Iwasisolatedandconfinedinachamber onthehillsideofthegarden,IsuddenlyfeltIwasneglectedandbecame evening, my parents heldaBanquet inthegarden,whereall sortsofflowerswerein time,, withoutbeingnoticed,liftedthe curtaininmysmallroom, only to spy thebustleof a kaleidoscopicworlddownin thegarden,andmy eldersisters,brothersand my cousins,eachfullofthejoysofspring,,Iwasthrown intoa fistofsorrowfulangeratbeingforgottenanddiscardedbytherestandcoul
dnothelpcrying myheartout.
E-C原文:
Inhisclassic novel,“ThePioneers”,James,Feminore Cooperhashishero,a landdeveloper,takehiscousinonatourofthecityhe ,rowsofhouses, seesis aforest,“Wherearethebeautiesand improvementswhichyouwere toshowme?”sheasks. He’s astonishedshecan’tsee them.“Where!Whyeverywhere,”he arenotyetbuilton earth,he hasbuiltthemin his mind,andthey are as concreteto himasifthey werealreadyconstructed andfinished.
Cooperwasillustrating adistinctlyAmerican trait, future-mindedness:the abilitytoseethe presentfrom thevantagepointofthefuture;thefreedomtofeelunencumberedbythepastandmore emotionallyattachedto AlbertEinsteinoncesaid, “Life fortheAmericanisalwaysbecoming,neverbeing.”
译文
在其典型故事《开拓者》中,詹姆士·菲尼摩尔·库珀让主人公,一种土地开发商,带她的表妹参观正在由她承建的一座都市。她描述了宽阔的街道,林立的房屋,热闹的都市。她的表妹环顾四周,大惑不解。她所看见的只是一片树林。“你想让我看的那些美景和改造了的地方在哪儿啊?”她问道。她见表妹看不到那些东西,感到很惊讶。“哪儿?到处都是啊!”她答道。虽然那些东西尚未建成在大地上,但她已在心中将它们建好了。对她来说,它们都是实实在在的,宛如已建成竣工同样。
库珀这里阐明的是一种典型的美国人特性:着眼于将来,即可以从将来的角度看待目前;可以自由地不为过去所羁绊,而在情感上更多地依附于将来的事物。正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦曾经说过的那样:“对美国人来说,生活总是在发展变化中,历来不会静止不变。”
在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的,往往在接触一种人时一方面看到的都是她或她的长处。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候,印象较好。吃头两个主菜时,也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静,吃完了这顿筵席,缺陷就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒,转赞美为责怪挑剔,转首肯为摇头。这是由于,第一,开始吃的时候你正处在饥饿状态,而饿了吃糠甜加蜜,饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二,你初到一种餐馆,开始举筷时有新鲜感,新盖的茅房三天香,这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”。
Weshouldn’ ,whenthey meetapersontheywillfirstnoticehisorher ’s just likethe experienceofdinninginarestaurant. The starter orcold dishwill leave youaverygood impression. Youwillbefullofpraise whileeating thefirst
 two main eat, theend ofthedinnerallthe shortcomingscome ,praisetoscoldingandnitpicking,andheadingnodding tohead because
:first,youarehungrywhenyou begineating. Whenyou arehungry, thebran tastesassweetashoney; when youare full,eventhehoneytastesinsipid.
E-C原文:
Formethemostinteresting thingabout asolitarylife,and minehas beenthatforthelasttwenty years,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding. When Ican wakeupand watch the sunriseovertheocean, as Idomost days, andknowthatIhaveanentire day ahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowrite afew pages, takeawalkwith mydog,readand listen tomusic,Iamflooded withhappiness.
Iam lonelyonlywhenIamovertired,whenIhaveworkedtoolongwithoutabreak,whenforthetime being Ifeel emptyand needfillingup. AndIam lonely sometimeswhenIcomebackhomeafteralecturetrip, whenIhaveseenalotof peopleand talkedalot,and amfulltothebrim withexperiencethatneedstobe sortedout.
Thenfora littlewhilethehouse feelshuge andempty,andI wonderwhere my berecapturedslowlyby watering theplantsand,perhaps, bylookingagain ateach one asthough it wereaperson.
Ittakesawhile,asIwatch thesurfblowingupin fountains,butthemomentcomes whenthe worldfallsaway,andtheself emergesagainfromthe deep unconscious,bringbackallIhaverecently experienced tobeexplored andslowly understood.
 只有在我过于劳累,在我长时间无间断地工作,在我感到内心空虚,需要弥补的时候,我才寂寞。而有时在我巡回演讲后回家时,在我见了许多人,讲了许多话,且经历多得需要清理时,我才寂寞。
于是有那么一小会儿感觉房子又大又空,我都不懂得我的自我藏在哪儿了。于是我会给植物
浇浇水,或者将它们再挨个儿瞅瞅,仿佛它们是人同样。这样我才慢慢地重新找回自我。
好大一会儿,我看着水浪从喷泉中喷涌而出,但只有当世界在我身边逐渐消逝时,那一时刻才会到来,自我又从内心深处的无意识中冒出来,带来我近来的种种经历,让我探究,慢慢领略。
1995
,婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的名誉。但一部故事开掘得深不深,艺术和思想与否有过人之处,的确不在题材大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅由于她的语言精彩,并曾对故事艺术的发展有发明性的奉献,也由于她的轻快活泼的论述事实上并不那么浅白,那么透明。史密斯夫人说过,女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序,变化人们对“重要”和“不重要”的见解。也许奥斯丁的故事能教我们学会转换眼光和角度,明察到“小事”的论述所波及的那些不小的问题。
However,subjectmatterisindeednotthedecisive factorbywhich wejudgea novel ofits depthaswellas(of) itsartistic appealand ideologicalcontent(or:astowhetheranoveldigsdeepornotorwhether itexcelsinartisticappealand ideological content).SomepeoplecompareAusten’s works toolives:the moreyouchewthem,themoretasty (the tastier) is basednotonly on(Thisis notonly becauseof)her expressivelanguage and hercreativecontributiontothedevelopmentofnovelwriting asanart,but alsoon (becauseof )thefact thatwhathidesbehind herlightandlivelynarrativeissomethingimplicit and opaque(notsoexplicitandtransparent). onceobserved, women writersoftensought (made attempts)to rectify theexistingvalueconcepts (orders)bychangingpeople’sopinions onwhatis“important”andwhatis not.
E-C原文
I,by comparison,livinginmyoverpriced cityapartment,walkingtoworkpastputridsacksof street garbage, payingusurioustaxestolocalandstategovernmentsI generallyabhor, I ,do themeasurementmakesense?Arewe measuring onlythatwhichis easilymeasured---thenumbersonthemoneychart---andignoring valuesmorecentralto thegoodlife?
For mysonsthere isofcourse the rural bountyoffresh-grown vegetables,line-caught fish andthesharedrichesofneighbours’ istheunpaidbaby-sitterfor whosechildren mydaughter-in-lawbaby-sits in return,and neighbourswhobartertheir that, how do you measureserenity?Sense if self?
I don’twant to idealizelife in theoutside world intrudesbrutally,aswhen the cost ofgasolinegoesup ordevelopers casttheireyeson cruelties,there is intolerance,thereare allthe manyvicesand meannesses insmall placesthat existin large ,itis hardertoignore them whentheycannot bebanishedpsychologically toanotherpartoftown or excusedas thewhimsofaliengroups---whenthey have tobe acknowledged as“partof us.”
NordoI want tobelittletheopportunitiesforsmalldecenciesincities--- theeruptionsofone-stranger-to- theseare,sadly,more exceptionsthan rulesand areoftenoverwhelmed bythe awfulcorruptions anddangersthatsurroundus.
答案
对我的几种儿子来说,乡村固然有充足的新鲜蔬菜,垂钓来的鱼,邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居,作为回报,我儿媳也帮着照看其孩子。乡邻之间互相互换技能和劳动。但比之更重要的是,你如何来衡量那静谧与安详?如何来衡量自我价值呢?
我无意将小地方的生活抱负化。由于有时外面的世界会无情地侵入:例如汽油价格上涨,开发商把眼睛盯住尚未开发的农田;那里充斥着凶残和偏狭,大都市的种种卑劣行径,小地方也一应俱全。不仅如此,当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或将它们解释为他乡人的为所欲为,而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时,就更难以忽视它们。
1996
 近读报纸,对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多,于是想起客居巴黎时常常用到的法国人手中的名片和请柬,随笔记下来,似乎不无借鉴之处。
    在巴黎,名录繁多的酒会,冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识,如果是亚洲人,她们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方,这仿佛是不可缺少的礼节。然而,法国人一般却都不大积极递送名片,双方会面寒暄几句,甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开,只有当双方谈话投机,但愿继续交往时,才会积极掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。
参照译文:
InParis, cocktailpartiesandbuffetreceptionsofdifferentkindsoffergreat ,strangersmaygettoknow each theyareAsians,theywill, veryrespectfully andwithboth hands,presenttheircalling cardstotheirinterlocutors beforeanyconversation be the requiredcourtesyontheirpart. The French,however, usuallyare not so readywithsucha willgreeteach other, and evenchatcasuallyaboutany topicand thenexcuse find they likeeachother andhopeto further therelationshipwilltheyexchange willseemveryunnaturaltodosobefore anyreal conversationgetsunderway.
E-C原文:
Itshould havebeeneasy. Theywerebattle-tested veteranswithlongtiestoReaganandeven longertiestothe Republicanparty,menwhounderstoodpresidentialpolitics aswell asanyin thecountry. Thebackdrop ofthe campaignwashospitable, with lots ofgoodnewstoworkwith: America was atpeace,andthenation’s economy,akeyfactorinanyelection, wasreboundingvigorouslyafter , thecampaignitselfwas lavishlyfinanced,with plentyofmoneyforatop-flight staff,travel, andtelevision commercials. And,mostimportant,their candidatewas RonaldReagan,apresident of tremendouspersonalpopularityanddazzlingcommunication projectingabroadvisionof America–a nationofrenewed militarystrength,individualinitiative, and smallerfederalgovernment. 
 参照译文:
这应当不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根近年、久经沙场的老将,她们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源,是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利,也诸多好消息可供炒作。例如,美国上下一片和平,美国经济这一竞选要素也在通过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外,这次竞选自身得到了慷慨资助,因此有富余的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是,她们的候选人是罗纳德·里根,她可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来,里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统:一种军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。
1997
C-E原文:
来美国求学的中国学生与其她亚裔学生同样,大多非常刻苦勤奋,周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班,因而比起美国学生来,成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人,嗜烟好酒,脾气暴躁。但她十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与夯实的基本知识,也特别理解亚裔学生的心理。因此,在她实验室所招的学生中,除有一名来自德国外,其他5位均是亚裔学生。她干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌:“本室助研必须每周工作7天,早10时至晚12时,工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的,在我所呆的3年半中,共有14位学生被招进她的实验室,最后博士毕业的只剩余5人。1990年夏天,我不顾别人劝阻,硬着头皮接受了导师的资助,从此开始了艰难的求学路程。
参照译文:
Like students fromother Asiancountriesandregions, most Chinesestudentswhocometopursuetheirfurthereducationin the United Statesworkontheirstudies mostdiligentlyand , theywouldfrequentlyspendoneday,oreven twodays, towork overtimeintheir , comparedwiththeir Americancounterparts, theyaremore academicallyfruitful. Mysupervisor isof Asian origin. He isaddictedtoalcohols and cigarettes,withasharp/,he highlyappreciates theindustryandthesolidfoundationalknowledgeofAsianstudents andhasaparticularlykeeninsightintowhatAsianstudentshaveontheir mind. Hence, ofallthe students recruitedintohislaboratory,exceptfor one