文档介绍：I
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摘要
在人类认识史上,对宇宙的探索,远在有文字可考的文明史前就
开始了。在中国传统文化史上,佛教与道教思想占有十分重要的地位,
其宇宙论是两教理论体系的基础与核心。古代先贤们对于宇宙的研究
和认识主要集中在宇宙的起源、万物的本原以及时间与空间的关系等
方面,因此,本文的研究主要是通过对佛道两教的宇宙生成论、本体
论、时空观进行历史考察和哲学分析,比较两者之间的异同,从而更
好地认识、把握佛教与道教的基本理论奥秘,并以此指导我们当代的
生活实践。在宇宙起源问题上,不同的宗教形态有不同的回答,佛教
提出了“缘起”论,道教一方面从哲学上构建了以“道气”为本的宇
宙生成论,另一方面则从神学上提出了带有神谕启示的神创论。根植
于佛教的缘起论,大乘佛教发展出了“缘起性空”的本体论思想,与
道教的“道”本体论既有区别又有联系。由于对宇宙本体的不同解释,
导致了佛道两教在对待人生态度上的差异。此外,中国传统的宇宙论
思想还包含对时间和空间的探讨,通过分析比较佛教与道教在时间观
和空间观几种理论上的异同,以及时间与空间之间的相互关系,探析
两教的时空观既有神话色彩又有一定的哲学思辨性。综上所述,佛教
与道教宇宙论的比较研究,不仅可以深化两教的宇宙论体系,给两教
教义奠定坚实的理论根基,具有重大的学术价值,而且,能更好地发
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扬我国传统的哲学思想,树立科学的世界观、方法论和正确的人生观,
对建设社会主义和谐社会具有十分重要的现实指导意义。
关键词:宇宙论,缘起论,道气,性空
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ABSTRACT
In the cognition history of human being, the explorationof universe
even originated before the recorded history. Furthermore, the cosmology
is the basement and the core of Buddhist thought and Taoist thought that
occupied an important position in the history of Chinese traditional
culture. The researches from past scholars were mainly relevant to the
origin of the universe, the very essence of the universe and the
temporal-spatial relationship. In order to better understand the basic
theories of Buddhismand Taoism and guide the contemporarylife, on the
basis of historical investigation and philosophical analysis, the study
compared the similarities and differences of some important theories
betweenBuddhism and Taoism,that are the cosmologic theory,universe
ontology and temporal-spatialrelationship. On the question of the origin
of the universe, differentreligious forms have differentanswers. Buddhist
proposed the "origin". However, the Taoist philosophy constructed the
Road Gas-based cosmogony on one hand, on the other hand it
theologically proposed the creationism with the oracle of revelation.
Rooted in the origintheory of Buddhism,MahayanaBuddhismdeveloped
the origin of the "empty" ontological thought that was connected to as
well as distinct with "Tao" ontology. And due