文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
建构的正义——对罗尔斯政治建构主义的解读
姓名:惠永照
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国哲学
指导教师:欧阳肃通
20080603
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
政治建构主义是一种政治观念,一种方法,罗尔斯以此建构和解释其正义理论。
根据建构主义的视角,我们可以追溯一个解释上的建构主义传统,即近代的社会契
约论传统。罗尔斯将契约论的观念和来自于康德的建构主义的观念溶合在一起,构
筑了以“无知之幕”为核心的原初状态理论,并围绕着“重叠共识”的观念,将在
原初状态中选择的两个正义原则,转换成为被社会中各种完备性学说支持者认肯的
政治正义观念。因此,政治建构主义就分为两个阶段:第一阶段,各方在原初状态
中选择正义原则,第二阶段,每个人在社会状态中出于理性来认可该正义原则。两
个阶段的完成,将使整个社会成为一个秩序良好的社会。罗尔斯追随康德,尽管《正
义论》之后,尤其是在《政治自由主义》中,罗尔斯通过对自身理论做出的修正,
试图与康德保持一定的距离,但是,康德对罗尔斯的影响并未消除,在罗尔斯与康
德之间,存在着理论的继承与修正,对罗尔斯的理论作康德式的解释仍有可能。从
康德与罗尔斯比较的角度来理解罗尔斯,是本文所选择的视角,从这一视角中,我
们将会更加准确地理解罗尔斯,理解罗尔斯的理论及其理论的困境,而罗尔斯的理
论困境也在这种康德式的理解中,得以部分地化解。

关键词:罗尔斯康德政治建构主义理性正义

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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Political constructivism is a political idea and method Rawls used to construct and
interpret his theory of justice. According to the perspective of constructivism, we can trace
back an interpretative tradition of constructivism, ., the early modern traditional theory
of social contract. Rawls connected the theory of contract with kantian constructivism, and
constructed the theory of original position in which the central idea is the veil of ignorance.
Then with the idea of overlapping consensus, Rawls changed the two principles of justice
from original position into political conception of justice which should be confirmed by
adherents prehensive doctrines in society. In that case, political constructivism has
two stages: at the first stage, every side chooses the principles of justice in the original
position; at the second stage, everyone in the society confirms such principles of justice on
the basis of reason. After these two stages, the society will be in order. Rawls followed
Kant, and after “a Theory of Justice”, especially in “Political Liberalism”, he revised his
theory to keep a distance with Kant. But the influence from Kant remained. There is some
inheriting and revision between Kant and R