文档介绍：华侨大学
硕士学位论文
论马克思解放理论视域下的“共产主义信仰”
姓名:陶伟文
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:马克思主义哲学
指导教师:杨楹
20080501
论文摘要
任何一种信仰模式,从根本上讲都是人类追寻自身生活优化的价值图式,
于是,“信仰”即是我们检讨、透视人类生活实际境况的重要视窗。马克思通过
对“生活世界”二重化结构的诊断,将理念理想型范畴的“信仰”,作为人“类”
之“自由自觉”本质规定的内在根据。这样,“信仰”,作为人的内在价值诉求,
内置于生活“之中”,是生活的内在结构性要素,而不再是外在附加或添加的要
素。“信仰”,不仅成为对生活的整体性牵引、反思与评价系统,而且更成为“生
活”得以展开的价值支撑体系。我们要探究的正是一种人类现实生活中成本最优、
效果最佳的特殊信仰模式——“生活信仰观”。
基于历史生活逻辑,对人“类”与个体自由的深度关切,置身于具有深厚
信仰文化传统社会之中的马克思,彻底颠覆了“信仰作为宗教‘专利’”的常识
性思维,解剖宗教并将“信仰”从宗教神秘的胎腹中取出,剥离了宗教的“神圣
光环”,为宗教信仰划定了视界。通过对现实生活中“非神圣形象”的批判,马
克思进而为宗教信仰落定了根基,寻到了透视信仰模式的科学之路,走出一条与
“现实”具有内在深度关联性的未来路径:“共产主义信仰”。由于其内在特性品
格和共产主义运动的现实支撑,共产主义信仰的发生、发展因而改写了整个西方
世界从“应然”到“实然”,“从天国降至人间”的传统信仰逻辑,彻底把科学信
仰与人的解放真正统一了起来,实现了信仰视界的思维方式历史性变革,敞开了
人类解放发展道路上的一扇“光明”之窗。
关键词: 共产主义信仰解放视域宗教共产主义运动
1
Abstract
Any belief pattern, fundamentally speaking, is that human pursuit the value
scheme of their lives. Therefore, the "belief" is the important perspective that we
review and analyze the actual situation of human life. Through the diagnosis for the
structure of "life-world", Marx thought the "belief" as the inherent requirements of
human “free awareness”. Thus, “the belief", as human's intrinsic value demand, exist
"in" our life, is the intrinsic constitutive essential factor of life, but no longer external
or additional factor. "Belief" is not only a whole elevation, reflection and evaluation
system for the life, but also the value of support system for the "life". We should
explore that it is a special faith mode that own the optimal cost and the best
effect--"life belief."
Based on the historical life logic, to the free deep concern with the human being,
placing himself in deep belief culture tradition society, Marx has subverted the
common sense which thinks “the belief as the religious `patent '”, has saved the belief
from the religious mysticism and stripped of religious "sacred halo", eventually
delimited the vision of religious belief. Through the analyses to the “