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BeginningPrinciples
Metal(neutral/charged)+Ligand
Coordinate-dativebonding,complexions
OxidationState/Number
Chargeonmetalandligands
d-orbitalsandelectronconfiguration
Fived-orbitals,ns2(n-1)dx
UV-visabsorptionspectra
d-d,M-L,andL-Mtransitions
Ligandsubstitutionkinetics
Hard/softandtransinfluence
Nomenclature
Ligandnames
Anionsendwith–o,chloridebecomeschloro
di,tri,tetraorbis,tris,tetrakis(ifligandhasdi)
Alphabetical(notwithprefix)tetraaminedichloro
Metalcharge-Romannumber
Fe3+asiron(III)
Salts/ioniccompounds,cationfirst,binary
[Cr(NH3)6]Cl3hexaamminechromium(III)chloride
Anionicmetalcomplexes,metal-ate
K3[Fe(CN6)]potassiumhexacyanoferrate(III)
others
Bridging(m,mu)andhapticity(h,eta)
[h5-Cp2ZrCl]2m-dichloro-di(h5-bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium(III)
Isomers
Sameformula,differentconnectivity
twocategories
structural
stereo
fourtypes
coordination
linkage
geometric
optical
Coordinationsphereisomers
Hydrationisomers
CrCl3·6H2O
[Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 [CrCl(H2O)5]Cl2·H2O [CrCl2(H2O)4]Cl·2H2O
violet blue-green green
Ionizationisomers
[PtCl2(NH3)4]Br2 [PtBr2(NH3)4]Cl2
Coordinationisomers
[Co(NH3)6][Cr(CN)6] [Cr(NH3)6][Co(CN)6]
Linkageisomers
isothiocyano thiocyano
(thiocyanato-N) (thiocyanato-S)
Others:
nitroandnitritoornitrito-Nandnitrito-Orespectively
LinkageIsomers
nitroandnitrito
IUPAC-nitrito-Nandnitrito-O
GeometricIsomers
cis/transrelationoftwodistinctligands
Squareplanarstructures
Octahedralstructures
Geometricisomers
fac/merrelationofthreedistinctligands
facial
meridional