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,,
.,ZJU
2011
Class2
Outline
Chromaticdispersioneffect
Dispersioncompensatingtechniques
Optimizationofresidualdispersionoritsmap
ChromaticDispersion
*
Spectrumbroadening
Differenceingroupvelocity
Wavelength
Groupvelocity
Δλ
1
1
0
Originalsignal
Time
Transmitteroutput
Time
Receiverinput
1
1
1
Regeneratedsignal
Wavelength
Opticalspectrum
Δλ
Pulsebroadening
(Waveformdistortion)
Opticalfiber
Waveformdistortionduetofibernonlinearity
Transmitterout
Receivedwaveform
Lowopticalpower
Highpower
intensity
Frequency
chirp
Refractiveindexchange
Waveformdistortionduetochromaticdispersion
Opticalfiber
Spectrum
broadening
Dispersioncompensationexample
40Gb/sopticalsignal
Transmissionfiber
Positivedispersion
(Negativedispersion)
+
Negativedispersion
(Positivedispersion)
Longerwavelength
Slow(Fast)
Shorterwavelength
Fast(Slow)
Longerwavelength
Fast(Slow)
Shorterwavelength
Slow(Fast)
Afterfibertransmission
Transmitteroutput
25ps
Afterdispersioncomp.
Threecompensationschemes
Fiber#1
DC
DC
Fiber#2
Distance[km]
.[ps/nm]
Post-comp.
+
-
0
Fiber#1
DC
DC
Fiber#2
Distance[km]
.[ps/nm]
Pre-comp.
-
+
0
Fiber#1
DC
DC
Fiber#2
DC
Distance[km]
.[ps/nm]
Post-&Pre-comp.
-
+
0
Factorsinfluencecompensation
Needtoconsiderthevariationoftoleranceduetocharacteristicsoftransmitter,fibernon-lineareffectsanddispersionmap.
Evenifresidualdispersionvaluesaresame,thereceivedwaveformsaredifferent,affectedbytheseparameters.
Parametersaffectingtothetolerance
Signalbitrate
Channelcountsandspacing
Distanceornumberofspans
Fibertype
Fiberinputpower
Pre-chirpingoftransmitter
-Modulationschemeoftransmitter
-DCFallocation/value
Distance[km]
Dispersion[ps/nm]
Dispersion
tolerance
ofreceiver
-
+
-
Dispersion[ps/nm]
+
0
Penalty[dB]
Longerwavelength
Shorterwavelength
Centerwavelength
Allowablepenalty
APastFieldExample
AlookatBERagain
Lightinanopticalfiber
slowlyvaryingcomponent
polarization
carrier
Transversefieldprofiledefinedbymode
ThenonlinearSchrödingerequation(NLSE)
Fibertransmission-TheNonlinearSchrödingerEquation
Launchedsignal:
,,12,2674-2682,December1,1989.
.,,(Academic,SanDiego,Calif.,1997).