文档介绍：9/26/2017 8:40 PM
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Catalog
材料与化学
材料的分类
材料化学的特点
材料化学的在各个领域的应用
材料化学的主要内容
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Materials:
Substances having properties which make
them useful in machinery, structures, devices
and products.
Concepts & terms (1) Materials
材料与化学
—— connected with function and, through that function, utilities.
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Distinguish between
Chemicals and Materials
the utility lies primarily in their consumption.
Chemicals
can be used repeatedly or continuously for an application that does not irreversibly convert them to something else.
Materials
(2) Chemicals & materials
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(3) Materials Science & Chemistry
Materials Science and Chemistry
Atomic-molecular
level interaction
Materials Chemistry:
Chemistry related to structure, properties, preparation and applications of materials.
Macroscopic perspective
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Development of materials
材料的发展
材料的发现、发展和应用是人类文明的标志。
材料的品种、质量和产量,是直接衡量一个的重要标志之一。
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①陶器制作:粘土及其它添加物,
加热烧结成较硬实体;人类社会结构﹑
生活形态的改变。
②青铜器:金属产物的工具﹑武器﹑
农具﹑礼器﹑祭器等取代泥制陶器;
③金属使用:常温的刚强度,红热时
可锻炼成形性,熔融后的铸造性。
早期:三个时代
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Pottery
→→Pottery
新石器时期
半山式菱形点纹壶
新石器时期
马家窑式水纹彩陶钵
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China
China
康熙黄釉盖罐
乾隆茶叶末六连瓶
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唐三彩鸳鸯壶
一种低温铅釉的陶器,采用黄、绿、褐等色釉在器皿构成花朵、斑点或不规则的几何纹等,色彩斑斓的色釉装饰。
虽称为三彩,实际上并不限于三种色彩,往往采用二次烧成法,第一次素烧,温度约在摄氏一千度左右,烧成坯胎;第二次在素胎上施釉,另行釉烧而温度八百度。
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明掐丝珐琅
葫芦式扁瓶
橘皮釉