2021届东莞市南开实验学校高三英语期末考试试卷及答案.pdf

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第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Doyouwanttogethomefromworkknowingyouhavemadearealdifferenceinsomeone’slife?Ifyes,don’t
careaboutsexorage!Comeandjoinus,thenyou’llmakeit!
Position:VolunteerSocialCareAssistant(NoPaywithFreeMeals)
Place:Manchester
Hours:PartTime
Wearenowlookingforvolunteerstosupportpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiestoliveactivelives!Only4days
’tmissthechanceoflendingyourwarmhandstohelpothers!
Role:


themknowtheyarevalued.
SkillsandExperienceRequired:

todriveacarandtocommunicateinfluentwrittenandspokenEnglishsinceyou’llhavetohelpthosepeoplewith
-relatedexperiencewillbeagreatadvantageforyou.
.


’primaryresponsibilityistohelppeoplewithlearningdisabilities__________.


?
.
.
.
.
B
TheRiseofVoiceTechnology
,,those
whofollowthetechnologyknowthatithasgotconsiderablybetter.
?Humanspeech
involvesalotmorestartingandstoppingwitherrorsandtheneedforrepairingbrokensentencesthanyoumay

’llneedsomekindsofnotesorotherorganiserstomakeitwork.

peoplespeaktheirwritingratherthantype?Chancesarethatitwouldcomeupwithmanymoreshortsentences
andmoreconcretelanguage,,
whichisnotavailablewhenyouarespeakingquickly.
Toconfirmthis,acolumnwasnotwritten,butdictated(听写).Itwascomposedfrombriefnoteswritten
downforstructureonly,anditwaseditedforlength,.
’tmanycaseswherethesoftwarehadheard

,theblameisnotwiththetechnologyatall,
’sareasonitcan’t
bedoneatthespeedofspeech,inrealtime.
Toclarifythematter,(标点)had
tobespokenaloud,andafterafullstop,
,people“trained”thesoftware
beforehand,
satisfactorycompletionofturningspeechintowriting.
Languageisthemostimportanttoolforhumaninteraction,
thematurityofmoderntechnology,ithasgivenbirthtoagreatchangeinthehuman-computervoiceinteraction.
,whichhelpstoturnspeechintowritingintermsofstyle?
.
.
.
.
,theauthormentionssomechangesfor______.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-computervoiceinteraction.
?
.
.
-computervoiceinteractionisatanadvantage.
.
C
,butIwasn'tthere
tolearntowrite,,,butI
alreadyhatedbeingwhoIwas.
IhadanEnglishteacher,,whoknewIcouldn'
,itmademe
',
,Inevergaveup
practicingreading.
ThenwhenIwas41yearsold,oneday,
fromtheairport,.
“DoIknowyou?”heasked.“Yes,sir,youdoknowme,”Iansweredexcitedly.“MynameisAnthonyHamilton.
YoutaughtmeEnglish.”Thelookonhisfacetoldmethatherememberedtheboyhe'donceencouraged.
“I'msogladIhadachancetoseeyou,”Isaid.“,Ihavegreatnewstoshare.”ItoldhimIhad
'.“Thenexttimeyou
getanotherAnthonyHamiltoninyourclassroom,pleaseencouragehimtoreadaswell,”Iadded.
Theexpertssaywhatonceworriedmehasaname:dyslexia(诵读困难).ButIcantellyouitwasalackof
desireforeducation.
?
.
''thaveaticket.
?
.
.
'?
.
'tteachhimhowtoread.
.
'thaveinnerdrivingforcetolearntoread.
?
.
.
.
.
D
Whyisn’tsciencebetter?Lookatcareerincentive(激励).Thereareoftensubstantialgapsbetweenthe



andskepticalofmethods.
Alltoooften,however,whatshouldbejustisn’,publishedfindingsturn
outnottoreplicate(复制),ortohavesmallereffectsthan,
replicate—meaningtheexperimentsturnoutthesamewaywhenyourepeatthem-buttheamountthat
doesn’tistoomuchforcomfort.

smallsamples,miningdataforcorrelationsandforminghypothesestofitanexperiment’sresultsafterthefactare
justsomeofthewaystoincreasethenumberoffalsediscoveries.
It’snotlikewedon'
,?Whyaren'tscientific
methodsbetterthantheyare?Inaword:.
Inthe1970s,psychologistsandeconomistsbegantopointoutthedangerinrelyingonquantitativemeasures
forsocialdecision-,whenpublicschoolsareevaluatedbystudents’performanceon
standardizedtests,teachersrespondbyteaching“tothetest”.Inturn,thetestserveslargelyasofhowwellthe
schoolcanpreparestudentsforthetest.
Wecanseethisprinciple—oftensummarizedas“whenameasurebecomesatarget,itceasestobeagood
measure”—
credentialed(授以证书的)scholarsandresearchersthanthereareuniversityprofessorshipsorcomparably
,thereisadditionalcompetitionfor
tenuregrantfunding,,
?
Anoft-usedmetricisthenumberofpublicationsonehasinpeer-reviewedjournals,aswellasthestatusof

,thisalsomakesthesenumberssusceptibletoexploitation.
Ifscientistsaremotivatedtopublishoftenandinhigh-impactjournals,wemightexpectthemtoactivelytry
,somedo—asseeninrecenthigh-profilecasesofscientificfraud(欺诈).If
maliciousfraudistheprimeconcern,thenperhapsthesolutionissimplyheightenedalertness.
However,mostscientistsare,Ibelieve,genuinelyinterestedinlearningabouttheworld,
problemwithincentivesisthattheycanshapeculturalnormswithoutanyintentiononthepartofindividuals.
?
.
.
'results.
.
?
.
Thehigh-impactjournaleditors.
?
.
.
.
.
,whatmightbearemedyforthefundamentalprobleminscientificresearch?
-impactjournalsareencouragedtoreformtheincentivesforpublication.
-reviewprocessissupposedtoscaleupinspectionofscientificfraud.
.
.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
TheQingmingFestivaliscelebratedwithathree-daynationalholiday,whosenameoriginatesfromthesaying
“,thefestivaliscalledQingming,”

springoutingallowseveryonethechancetoenjoythebeautifulsceneryandenjoytheseason.
Traditionalcustoms
,
,theykowtowandpray,
hopingfortheirancestors'blessingfortherestoftheyear.
,


Traditionalfood
Qingtuan,agreenriceballtinyenoughtofitintoyourhand,
,Qingtuantastes
sweetwiththefreshfragranceofAicao,agreenspringvegetable,IncelebrationofQingming,people
fromShaanximakesteamedbuns,knownasHuamo,
familylifewhileothersrepresentthewishforhealth.
.