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第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Olderadultswhosleepsixhoursorfeweranightmayhaveelevatedriskfordementia(痴呆症)andother
cognitive(认知的)issues,anewstudyfinds.
ResearchersatStanfordUniversitymeasuredseniors'(ages65to85)dementiariskandcognitiveabilities,
findinghigherriskinthosepatientswhoregularlysleptsixorfewerhourscomparedtothosewhosleptsevenor
issues,buttheresearchersdidn'tfindthesamehighdementiariskinthisgroup.
Thefindingsdemonstratehowimportantitisforadultstomaintainahealthysleepcycle,especiallyasthey
getolder.
Asadultsage,it'scommonfortheirsleeppatternstochangeorbecomedisrupted—leadingtolonger,shorter,
'sandotherformsofdementia,impacting
seniors'abilitytorememberinformation,problem-solve,
alsobecausedbyorheightendepression,cardiovasculardisease(冠心病),andotherconditions.
Arecommendedsleeptimeforseniorsisseventoeighthours,
correspondedtoshortsleep,whilenineormorehourscorrespondedtolongsleep.
TheStanfordresearchersmeasuredlevelsofbetaamyloid,aproteininthebrainthatistypicallyfoundinhigh
levelswhenapatientdevelopsAlzheimer',theresearchersusedseveraltestsformemory,attention,
spatialskills,andexecutivefunctiontoidentifypatients'
feweranightweremorelikelytodevelopdementia,-sleeppatientshadhigher
levelsofbetaamyloid.
TheStanfordresearchersfoundthatpatientswithlowersleepalsoperformedworseonmemorytests,while
thosewithhighersleep(morehours)performedworseonexecutivefunctiontests,whichmeasurethebrain's
abilitytoswitchbetweendifferenttasks.
―Themaintakeawayisthatitisimportanttomaintainhealthysleeplateinlife,WinertoldCNN.
“disrupted”inparagraph4mean?
,whichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothedisruptedsleep?
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,cardiovasculardiseaseandotherillnesses.
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DIttendstobringalltheoldpeopletoundergobrainscansandcognitivetests.
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B
blisters(水泡)fromdigging,andweallgotinsectbites,too.
Ilearnedalotaboutgardeningandcollaboration(合作),
producercheckedwiththedirectors,
knowwhatwasspecialaboutourparticulargarden,sincemanyschoolsplantthem.
Theteacherexplainedthat,aftergoingontheInternettolearnabouttheprairie(大草原),wehadmadea
,
waterthegarden,,sincethatwashowprairies
,thegrasswassohighthatit
stoodtallerthanthefourthgradestudents.
Asaresult,
,theyinterviewedus,andweexplainedtothemwhatwehadlearned
throughthisproject.
Thatnight,wewatchedthenews,
minuteslong,,allthoseblisters,
wesawthegardeneveryday,butnowweknewthatthewholecitythoughtso,too.
’initialreactiontothegarden?
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“that”refertointhelastparagraph?
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C
Globally,peopleuseroofstodryoutfood,,wherewe'rebased,there'sa
cultureofenjoyinglookingdownonthecityfromuphigh,becauseit'
areaforalongtime,manypeopledidn'twanttolive,workorhangoutinthecity,andourroofscapehasbeen
neglected.
,forgreenor
'snotjustaboutcommercialopportunities;itcanbeassimpleasanindividualturning
his/'snotjustaboutdoingitonarooftopbecauseit's
“cool”.It'saboutgivingupthedeep-rootedthoughtthatroofsareofflimitsandembracingtheirchallengesas
,we'rehelpingturntherooftopcarparkofacity
centralshoppingcentreintoanoutdoorspaceforemployees,duetorestrictionstheynowfaceindoorsbecause
ofCOVID-19.
Usingrooftopscreativelyallowsustocopewithmanyofthechallengesfacedbycitiestoday--bethose
environmental,social,technological,,we'rebeingforcedtorethinkhowweusepublic
spacesduetoCOVID-,weshouldbeacknowledgingrooftops
,
hostedadifferentpartofthedrama,whileresidentssatandwatched,listeningtotheactionthroughheadphones.
Arethereanychallenges?
,thechallengesarewhatmakerooftopssoexciting----becausetheygiveyouevenmore
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'spurposeinwritingthetext?
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-termcitydevelopment.
D
WhenRichJeanwantedtohelphisdaughter,Abigail,learntoread,hetookhertothelibraryneartheirhome
inBrooklyn,'swheretheymetHasinaIslam,whoJeansaysaroseherinterestinreadingandthelibrary.
“Youseewhatyoustarted?Youseethatsparkthatyouputinthischild?”JeantoldHasinaIslamat
,
,IslamhasofferedbooksuggestionsthatAbigailhasreadwithgreatenthusiasm.“What's
coolisthatHasinahasrecommendedalotofbooksthatI,atthetime,thoughtmightbealittletooadvancedfor
you,"JeantoldAbigail.“LikeCharlieandtheChocolateFactory."Abigailsaid.
Islam'
oftheQueensPublicLibraryinNewYorkCity,andshewenttheretoresearchHenryHudson,anEnglishexplorer,
foraschoolproject.
",andmyfavoritethingwasthatshegave
mebookrecommendations,"shesaid."WhenIwasgraduatingfromcollege,IthoughtabouthowIwasgoingto
,andIrememberedthatfeelingthatshegaveme
everysingletimeIwenttothelibrary.”
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''sworkingexperiences.
CIslam''sreasonsforlovinglibrary.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,it'sgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryand
,oryouaredoingitnow,thenlisten
up!___16___
,thenyouwillbegettingthe
calorieburningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.
____19____Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercised
,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouarevery
excited.
,youwillbemorelikelytostickto
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pushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergeticalldaylong.
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—10hoursafterexercise.
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,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.
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第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
MattewShifrinhasbeenbuildingwithLegos(乐高积木)
turned13,hegota___21___birthdaypresentfromhisfriend,-pieceMiddleEasternLego
Braille(盲文)thatspelledouthowto___25___themalltogether.
,ShifrinhadneverbeforebeenabletocompleteaLego
says,''Forblindpeople,Legosetsactassmall3D___29___forreal-lifebuildingsinsteadoftwo-dimensional
.''Foryearsafter
thatincredibleLego____32____,hetogetherwithFinkelcreatedsimilarinstructionsforabout45otherLegosets,
all____33____onawebsitetheycreated,''LegofortheBlind.''
Shifrinbegan____34____theLegocompanyseveralyearsagotodiscusshiswork,butitwasin2017,when
Finkeldiedofcancer,-long
high-’thavebeencompletedwithout
Shifrin's____38____–orwithouthisdetermination.
Hejust____39____Finkelhadbeenheretoseeit.''Ithinkshe'dbeverygladthatwecamethis____40____,''
Shifrinsaid.
----breaking