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Maincontents
IntestinalInfections:TyphoidFever;
Bacillarydysentery
SystemicFungalInfections
Parasitosis:Amoebiasis;
Schistosomiasis
Basicpropertiesofcommunicablediseases
Inflammation
consistentwiththebasiclawsofinflammation:alteration,exudation,proliferation
EpidemiologyofcommunicablediseasesinChina
Extinct:
Smallpox、Leprosy、Poliomyelitis
Controllablewithincreasingincidence:
Tuberculosis;Syphilis
New—bornecommunicablediseases:
SARS;H7N9……
TyphoidFever
Acutecommunicablediseasecausedbybacillustyphi
AcuteproliferativeinflammatoryreactioncharacterizedbyincreaseinmacrophagesinMononuclearPhagocyteSystemandbylesionsoflymphoidtissuesatterminalileum.
Clinicalmanifestations:Persistentfever,bradycardia,hepatosplenomegaly,skinrash(rosespots),andleukopenia.
Bacillustyphi(G-)
endotoxin
Flagella“H”antigen
Thallus“O”antigen
Widalreaction
Infectionsources:
patientsandbacteria-carrier
Routesoftransmission:
fecal—oralroute
Population
Allaresusceptible
andimmunizedfromdisease
Typhoidfever
Pathogensis
Adsorptiontointestinalmucosaafterbeingswallowed,drainedbythoraciclymphducttobloodstreamafterinvadingintolymphatictissueofbowel.(bacteremia)multiplyinmacrophagesindifferentorgans.(incubativestage)secondbacteremia(septicemia),generalizedlesions(medullary swellingstage)necrosiscausedbybacteriagettingintointestineagainfromcholecystbowelulcer
cellularimmunityupgradedandhealedgradually
Pathologicalfeatures
Acuteproliferativeinflammationcharacterizedbymacrophagesproliferations
Typhoidcell
Typhoidgranuloma
orTyphoidNodule