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百病皆由脾胃衰而生也。Alldiseasesarecausedbyweaknessofthespleenand
stomach.
膀胱储存和排泄尿液是在肾的气化作用下完成的。Thebladderstoresanddischarge
urinethroughthefunctionofqitransformationofthekidney.
表寒证是寒邪侵袭肌表所表现的证候Exteriorcoldsyndromeiscausedbyinvasionof
pathogeniccoldintothesuperficies.
不同的疾病可因相同的病机而出现相同的证。Differentdiseasesmaydemonstratethe
samesyndromebecauseofthesimilarityinpathogenesis.
C
藏象学说在中医学理论体系中占有极其重要的地位。Thetheoryofvisceral
manifestationplaysanimportantroleinthetheoreticalsystemofTCM.
常色是指人在正常生理状态下的面部色泽Normalcomplexionreferstothefacial
colorsunderphysiologicalconditions.
除少数药单独使用外,多数都是配合起来使用的Mostherbshavetobeusedin
combinationexceptafewspecialones.
从色泽的明暗,可以辨别病情的阴阳属性。Themanifestationsofcomplexioncantell
whetheradiseasepertainstoyinoryanginnature.
D
胆的主要生理功能是贮存和排泄胆汁。Themainphysiologicalfunctionofthe
gallbladderistostoreandexcretebile.
胆排泄胆汁于小肠以助消化食物Thegallbladderexcretesbiletopromotethesmall
intestinetodigestfood
胆汁由肝之精气所化生。Bileistransformedfromtheessenceintheliver.
当脏腑发生病变的时,也会通过经脉反映于体表Similarlypathologicalchangesofthe
,
得神是精充气足神旺的表现“Withspirit”isamanifestationofsufficientessence,
abundantqi,andfullvitality.
地区气候的差异在一定程度上也影响着人体的生理活动。Regionaldifferences,tosome
extent,influencesthephysiologicalactivitiesofthehumanbody.
毒性剧烈的药物用量过多就会发生副作用或中毒Overuseofherbswithacutetoxicity
willcauseside-effectsorintoxication.
F
肺的病变多见于鼻喉的症候。Thepathologicalchangesofthelungaremainly
manifestedinthenoseandthroat.
肺的呼吸功能健全与否,直接影响着宗气的生成。Therespiratoryfunctionofthelung
directlyinfluencestheproductionofthoracicqi.
肺失于宣散,即可以出现呼吸不利、胸闷、咳喘的病理现象。Failureofthelungto
disperseinevitablyleadstodyspnea,chestoppression,coughandpanting.
G
肝藏血以济心。Theliverstoresbloodtocomplementtheliver.
肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。Themainphysiologicalfunctionoftheliver
istocontrolfreeflowofqiandstoreblood.
肝主升而归属于木。Theliverpertainstowoodbecauseitcontrolselevation.
功能属于阳,物质属于阴。Functionspertaintoyangwhilesubstancestoyin.
光面舌主要是由于胃阴枯竭、胃气大伤所致Mirror-liketongueisprimarilycausedby
depletionofstomachyinandimpairmentofstomachqi.
H
寒性药物具有清热、泻火、解毒的作用Cold-naturedherbshavethefunctionofclearing
awayheat,purgingfire,andremovingtoxins.
寒证是感受寒邪或阴盛阳虚所表现的证候Coldsyndromeisusuallycausedbycold
attackorpredominanceofyinanddeclineofyang.
患者若有啄雀或屋漏脉象,说明病情危重Sparrow-peckingpulseandroof-leakingpulse
indicateunfavorableprognosis.
火热之邪最易迫津外泄,耗伤人体阴液。Pathogenicfire-heattendstoconsumethe
bodyfluidandleadstodeficiencyofit.
J
基本原则是补其不足,泻其有余。Thebasictherapeuticprincipleistosupplement
疾病反映于脉象的变化叫做病脉Thevariationofpulsethatreflectsthestateofa
diseaseisknownasmorbidpulse.
假神是垂危患者出现精神暂时好转的假象。“Falsespirit”isafalsemanifestation
oftemporaryvitalityduringthecriticalstageofadisease.
介于温凉之间的药物为平性药Mild-naturedherbsfallinbetweencool-naturedherbs
andwarm-naturedherbs.
金元时期出现了后世称为“金元四大家”的医学流派。IntheJinandYuanDynasties,
thereappearedtheso-calledfourgreatmedicalschools.
津液的代谢过程完全依赖于气的推动,气化作用。Metabolismoffluiddependsonqito
promoteandtransform.
经络是运行全身气血的通道Meridiansarethepathwaysforqitocirculateinthe
wholebody.
经脉的气血运行是中循环贯注的,如环无端。Qiandbloodinthemeridianscirculate
incycles.
K
苦味药有燥湿和泻下的作用Herbsbitterinflavorhavethefunctionofdrying
dampnessandpromotingdefecation.
M麻黄与石膏配伍,重在清散郁热ThecompatibilityofMahuangandShigaoaimstoclear
awayanddispersestagnatedheat.
脉分为三个部分,即寸、关、尺。Thepulseisdividedintothreepartsknownascun,
guanandchi.
脉浮主表证,脉沉主里证Floatingpulseindicatesexteriorsyndromewhilesunken
pulseshowsinteriorsyndrome.
脉是血液运行的通道。Thevesselsarethepassagesinwhichbloodflows.
脉象沉滑,表明有消化不良Asunken-slipperypulseindicatesindigestion.
脉象浮芤,表明有出血Afloating–hollowpulseindicatesbleeding.
脉象浮濡,表明有中暑Afloating–soggypulseindicatessunstroke.
脉诊非常复杂,形成了一个独特的诊法体系Pulse-takingissocomplicatedthatithas
developedintoauniquediagnosticsystem.
脉诊是医的中一种非常神奇而典型的诊法。Pulse-takingisamiraculousandtypical
Chinesediagnosticmethod.
没有阴也就无以言阳,没有阳也就无以言阴。Yincannotexistalonewithoutyangand
viceversa.
木过强时,既可以乘脾,又可以侮金。Whenwoodistoostrong,itwilloverrestrict
thespleenandcounter-restrictmetal
木火土金水是不可缺少的五种最基本的物质。Wood,fire,earth,metalandwaterare
thefivemostessentialmaterialsindispensabletohumanexistence.
N
内伤脾胃,百病由生。Internalimpairmentofthespleenandstomachcausesvarious
diseases.
脑为元神之府Thebrainisthehouseoftheprimordialspirit.
女子胞是发生月经和孕育胎儿的器官。Theuterusistheorganwheremenstruationtakes
placeandfetusisconceived.
O
呕吐是胃气上逆所致Vomitingiscausedbyadverserisingofstomachqi.
P
胖大舌多因水湿痰饮阻滞所致。Bulgytongueisusuallycausedbyretentionofwater,
dampness,phlegmandfluid.
胖人的脉象特点是沉稳Thepulsecharacteristicsofover-weightedpeoplearesunken
andhastening.
炮制是将采集来的原药用水、火、酒和醋等加以处理Processingofherbsreferstothe
preparationofcrudeherbswithwater,fire,alcoholandvinegar.
配合适当可以加强药效,或监制毒性Propercombinationofherbscanreinforcethe
curativeeffectsorreducetoxicity.
脾开窍于口,其华在唇四白。Thespleenopenintothemouthanditslusteris
manifestedoverthelips.
脾为后天之本,气血生化之源。Thespleenistheacquiredbaseoflifeandthesource
ofqiandbloodproduction.
脾主运化而归属于土。Thespleenpertainstoearthbecauseitcontrols
transportationandtransformation.
Q
气不摄血可导致各种出血。Failureofqitocontrolbloodmayleadtovariouskinds
ofbleeding.
气的充足与否,气机是否通畅,都会影响津液的运行。Thestateandflowofqiinfluence
themovementofbodyfluid.
气的升降出入运动一旦停止,也就意味着生命活动的终止和死亡。Ifqistopsascending,
descending,exitingandentering,itwillleadtoanendoflifeactivities.
气对血、津液等液态物质具有防止其无故流失的作用。Qipreventsbloodandbodyfluid
fromlosing.
气化是指通过气的运动而产生的各种变化。Qitransformationreferstochangescaused
byqimovement.
气是构***体的最基本物质Qiisthemostessentialsubstancetoconstitutethebody.
气是活力很强的精微物质Qiisasortofrefinedsubstancewithpowerfulactivity.
气血津液都是维持人体生命活动的基本物质。Qi,bloodandbodyfluidarethebasic
substancesformaintaininglifeactivities.
切诊包括脉诊和按诊两个部分Pressingdiagnosisincludespulse-takingand
palpation.
青色主寒证、痛证、瘀血和惊风。Bluishcolorindicatescoldsyndrome,painsyndrome,
bloodstasisandinfantileconvulsion.
R
人生有形,不离阴阳。Yinandyangareindispensablethehumanbody.
人体的体温是依靠气的温煦作用来维持固定。Bodytemperatureismaintainedwiththe
warmingfunctionofQi.
人体排泄水液的途径主要是尿与汗。Thebodydischargesfluidthroughurinationand
sweating.
人体阳气白天多趋于表,夜晚多趋于里。Yangqiinthehumanbodytendstoflowto
theexteriorinthedaytimeandtotheinterioratnight.
人之灵机与记性皆在脑中。Theintelligenceandmemoryofmanareassociatedwith
thefunctionofthebrain.
若心有病变,可以从舌上反映出来。Pathologicalchangesoftheheartcanbeobserved
fromthetongue.
S
上焦如雾Theupperenergizerfunctionsasasprayer.
肾藏精以滋养肝的阴血。Thekidneystoresessencetonourishbloodintheliver.
肾的精气有促进骨骼生长的作用。Kidneyessenceishelpfulforpromotingthegrowth
ofskeleton.
肾所藏的精气包括“先天之精”和“后天之精”。Theessencestoredinthekidneyincludes
innateessenceandacquiredessence.
肾的纳气功能正常则呼吸均匀和调。Ifthefunctionofthekidneytoreceiveqiis
normal,breathwillbesmoothandeven.
肾与脾相表里。Thestomachandthespleenareinternallyandexternallyrelated
toeachother.
肾主生长、发育于生殖。Thekidneygovernsgrowth,developmentandreproduction.
肾主水而归属于水。Thekidneypertainstowaterbecauseitcontrolswater
metabolism.
生我者为母,我生者为子。Theonethatgeneratesisthemother-elementwhilethe
onethatisbeinggeneratedisthechild-element.
失神是精损气亏神衰的表现“Withoutspirit”isamanifestationofimpairedessence,
deficientqi,anddispiritedness.
暑邪为病常兼挟湿邪侵袭人体。Pathogenicsummer-heatusuallyaccompanies
pathogenicdampnesstoinvadethebody.
水具有滋润和向下的特性。Waterischaracterizedbymoisteninganddownwardflow
四诊的方法是在长期的医疗实践中逐步形成和发展起来的Thefourdiagnosticmethods
weredevelopedgraduallyinthelong-termmedicalpractice.
酸味药有收敛固涩的作用Herbssourinflavorhavethefunctionofastringing.
痰和饮都是水液代谢障碍所形成的病理产物Phlegmandfluidarebothpathological
substancescausedbyretentionofwaterandfluid.
T
汤剂的优点是煎出的有效成分在服用后易于吸收Theadvantageofdecoctionisthatthe
effectiveelementscanbeeasilyabsorbedafterbeingtaken.
W
丸剂因其吸收较慢,故多用于慢性疾病Pillsarecommonlyusedinchronicdiseases
becausetheyareslowinabsorption.
卫气运行于脉外,活动力特别强,流动很迅速。Thedefensiveqiflowsoutsidetheblood
vesselswithstrongforceandhighspeed.
味药有补养及和缓的作用Herbssweetinflavorhavethefunctionoftonifying,
胃的生理功能是受纳与腐熟水谷。Themainphysiologicalfunctionofthestomachis
toreceiveanddigestwaterandfood.
五行学说也有一定的局限性。Thedoctrineoffiveelementsobviouslyhascertain
limitationsandisstillinneedoffurtherimprovement.
五脏的共同生理特点是化生和贮藏精气。Thecommonphysiologicalfunctionofthefive
zang-organsistotransformandstoreessence.
五脏与形体诸窍联结成一个整体。Thefivezang-organs,thebodyandalltheorifices
formanorganicwhole.
物生谓之化,物极谓之变。Sproutofthingssignifiestransformationwhileextreme
developmentofthingsindicateschange.
X
下焦如渎Thelowerenergizerfunctionsasadrainer.
先天之精依赖于肾藏精气的生理功能才能充分发挥其生理效应。Theinnateessence
dependstheessentialqistoredinthekidneytotakeseffect.
咸味药有软坚润下的作用Herbssaltyinflavorhavethefunctionofsoftening
hardnesstopromotedefecation.
相乘即以强凌弱的意思。Subjugationoroverrestrictionmeanstolaunchaviolent
attackwhenacounterpartisweak.
相克是指一事物对另一事物的生长和功能具有抑制和制约的作用。Restrictionimplies
thatonethingbringsundercontrolorrestraintoftheother.
小肠在吸收水谷精微的同时,也吸收了大量的水液。Thesmallintestinealsoabsorbs
largequantityofliquidwhenitabsorbingnutrientsfromfood.
心开窍于舍并与小肠相表里。Theheartopensintothetongueandisinternallyand
externallyrelatedtothesmallintestine.
心阳有温煦之功能,故心属火。Sincetheheartcanwarmthebody,itpertainstofire.
心与小肠相表里。Theheartandthesmallintestineareinternallyandexternally
relatedtoeachother.
心脏的主要生理功能是主血和主脉神志。Themainphysiologicalfunctionoftheheart
istocontrolbloodvesselsandgovernthemind.
血热指血分有热,血行加速的病理状态。Bloodheatreferstothemorbidstateofheat
inthebloodhasteningthebloodflow.
血虚是指血液不足或血的濡养功能减退的病理变化Blooddeficiencyreferstothe
morbidstateofinsufficientbloodfailingtonourishthebody.
血液的化生过程依赖多个脏腑的气化作用。Theproductionofblooddependsontheqi
transformingactivitiesofseveralviscera.
血瘀指血液的循行迟缓和不流畅的病理变化Bloodstasisreferstothemorbidstateof
slowandunsmoothflowofblood.
Y
阳常有余,阴常不足。Yangisusuallyexcessivewhileyinisfrequentlydeficient.
药物的作用趋向有升降沉浮之别Thefunctionaltendenciesofherbsaremarkedby
ascending,descending,sinkingandfloating.
一种或几种脉象就可揭示一种典型的疾病Oneorseveralpulsemanifestationswould
revealatypicaldisease
阴阳离绝,精气乃绝Separationofyinandyangresultsinexhaustionofessence.。
阴阳是中国古代哲学的一对范畴。YinandyangaretwoconceptsinclassicalChinese
philosophy.
阴阳亡失指机体的阴液或阳气突然大量地亡失,导致生命垂危的一种病理状态。Lossof
yinoryangreferstothecriticalstateofsudden,profuselossofyin-fluidor
yang-qi.
饮食不节主要是损伤脾胃,导致脾胃功能失常。Improperdietmainlyimpairsthespleen
andstomach,leadingtodysfunctionofthem.
饮食物经过小肠的进一步消化后分别为水谷精微和食物残渣两个部分。Foodisfurther
dividedintonutrientandresidueafterfurtherdigestioninthesmallintestine.
有出血时,脉象芤、小、缓,预后良好Ifhollow,smallandslowpulsemanifestedduring
bleeding,theprognosiswillbefavorable.
有些新鲜药物可采用捣汁服的方法Forsomefreshherbs,theyareusuallytakenby
extractingjuice.
有诸内,必形诸外。Thestateoftheinternalorgansmustbemanifestedexternally.
瘀血的病症特点是因瘀阻的部位和形成瘀血的原因不同而异。Thediseasescausedby
bloodstasisvaryaccordingtothelocationandcauseofthestasis.
鱼翔脉和虾游脉象表明患者生命垂危Fish-swimmingpulseandshrimp-dartingpulse
indicatethatthepatientisincriticalcondition.
气是元人体最基本的、最重要的气,是人体生命活动的原动力。Theprimordialqiisthe
mostessentialandimportantqiandistheprimarymotiveforceoflife.
Z
在临床治疗上,五行学说用来确定治疗原则和治疗方法。Clinicallythedoctrineoffive
elementsisusedtodecidetherapeuticprinciplesandmethods.
在生成津液的过程中,脾胃之气起着决定性作用。Thespleenandstomachplayan
importantroleintheproductionofbodyfluid.
在一定条件下,阴阳可以各自向其相反的方向发展。Undergivenconditions,eitheryin
oryangmaytransformintoitscounterpart.
真阴不足与真阳不足就是肾阴不足与肾阳不足Deficiencyofgenuineyinoryangrefers
toinsufficiencyofkidneyyinoryang.
诊脉的最佳时间是清晨太阳升起的时候Theoptimaltimeofpulse-takingisinthe
morningwhenthesunrises.
诊脉时患者应该放松,呼吸平稳,情绪稳定Duringpulse-taking,thepatientshould
relaxhimself,breathenaturally,andkeepincalm.
证能更全面更正确的揭示疾病的本质。Syndromecancomprehensivelyandaccurately
revealthenatureofadisease.
证是机体在疾病发展过程中的某一阶段的病理概括。Syndromeisageneralizationof
pathologicalchangesatacertainstageduringthecourseofadisease.
支气管疾病的脉象浮小,说明容易治愈Ifthepulsemanifestationinbronchusdiseases
isfloatingandsmall,itwillbeeasilycured.
只有不断的消长平衡,才能推动事物的正常发展Onlythroughconstantreduction,
growthandbalancecanthenormaldevelopmentofthings。
只有选用适宜的药物,才能收到良好的疗效。Onlywhenappropriateherbsarechosen
canexcellenttherapeuticeffectsbeensured.
中焦如沤Themiddleenergize