5G中关于频谱方面的关注.pdf

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Spectrumfor5G–abigdeal?
PresentedbyJENSZANDER:.
AlessonsfromHistory-Dominantdesigns

Frominfrastructuresdrivenby”killerapps”and”one-trickponies”

generalIP-basedaccessinfrastructures

Internetaccess=dominantdesignforALLservices(fixed&mobile)

Marginalizesothertechnicalsolutions–,Mesh,...
”IPistheanswer-now,whatwasthequestion?”
GQMaguire:.
Operatordilemma:Moreforlessmoney
Volume
•SpendingcapabilityofuserInfra&Energy
increaseswithGNPTrafficCost
growth(<10%annually)
•Capacityrequirements
increaseby80-100%
annually
Revenuegap
CcN=Revenue
SYSBSBS
Voicedominated88888DatadominatedTime
3:.
Howdifficultcanitbe?
..andismorespectrumthesolution?
4:.
Howtoincreasecapacity?
η
RNW≈CcNcW=+
totBSsysSYSBSBSspsys
A
•Increaseη,spectralefficiency(signalprocessing)
Closetotheoreticallimits
•Morebasestations,N
BS
Expensive
•Morespectrum,W
SYS
Shortage?
5:.
Solving”all”problemswithmorespectrum-
the”FCC–Spectrumdeficit”
Keyassumptions
Reasonableextrapolationof
–currentdeploymentstrategies(=moderateincreaseinbasestations)
–transmissiontechnologies.
6:.
Howtolowerthecost:
””””HETNET””””s–deployaccordingtodemand
”Blanketcoverage”
HetNetDeployment
CapacityDemand
Trafficdistribution
Indoor/HotSpotUrbanSuburbanRural
7:.
8
HETNETs-TheLightAnalogy
•8Indoor–
ShortRange
Outdoor–WideArea:.
AWorldDivided
ThecoverageworldThecapacityworld
Consumer8grade8equipment
Low8power/Shortrange
Reliability8through8redundancy
Deploywherebackhaulavailable
Lowsystemcomplexity
Industrygradeequipment
Highpower/Widearea
24-7availabilty
Highsystemcomplexity:.
Costfactors
100%Sites
Energy
Spectrum
Backhaul
Relcost
0%
Cellsize
10:.
Thecostforcapacity
Macro
OutdoorMacro/Micro
Cost
•Siteaquisition
Micro
•Backhaul
•Outdoorequipment
•Wallpenetrationloss
IndoorFemto/WiFi
Morespectrum
•Cheapequipment
••Nodedicatedbackhaul
Femto/WiFi
•Wallloss=benefit!
Site&Backhaul
capacity
Capacity(wereneeded)is”cheap”-coverageisexpensive:.
Isthereenoughcapacity?
OutdoorIndoorcapacity
WiFi
MacroMicroMacroMicroWiFiideal*
conservative
Interbasedistance(m)3001003001003010
DensityBS/Sqkm1110011100111110000
AvgSpectraleff(bit/s/Hz)222224
Availablespectrum(MHz)50050050050010002000
Aggregatemaxrate(Gbit/s)111128
NoSectors333333331111
"Effective"Reusefactor333331
Capacity/BS(Gbit/s)11110,678
EffectiveWallpenetrationloss(dB)--10-3010-300-10-
Capacity/sqkm111001-310-30250-75080000
*1AP/room,Highwallpenetrationloss,1GHzextrasharedspectrum<6GHz)
12:.
AWorldDivided–businessaspects
ThecoverageworldThecapacityworld
Facilityowners
Sanitaryrequirement/nocharge
Userexperience–8highdatarates
Ultradensedeployment–8Interference
(Lowpower,nositecost,existing
backhaul)
Publicoperators
Accessany-time,anywhere
”Insurance”–8guaranteedaccess
Monthlyfee
Power/Site/Backhaul
Exclusivespectrumlicensing:.
Spectrumoptions
ExclusiveSharedSecondaryExclusive
<6GHz<6GHz<6GHz>10GHz
AvailabilityVeryLowModerateGood(>1GHz)Verygood
forindooruse
Advantages•GuaranteedQoS•Spectrumavailable•SpectrumavailableVeryhighcapacity
•Long-term•Lowcost•LowcostLowinterference
investmentsequipment/deployequipment/deploy
mentment
DisadvantagesHighdeploymentcost•NoQoS•LimitedQoSLOSpropagation,
guaranteesguaranteesDedicated
•Lowavailability•RegulatoryDeployment
uncertainty
Plentyofspectrumforshortrangeindoor
-intotal>1GHzforwirelessaccess:.
Secondaryspectrumuse?
The”CommercialSweetspot”of
secondaryspectrum:
Shortrange/indoorhighcapacity
systems
Successduetophysics-notduetosmartregulationor”cognitive”technology:.
16
Whereareweheading-spectrumwise?
WideareaaccessShortrangeaccess
SpectrumneedtolowercostPlentyofpotentialspectrum<6GHz
Block-licensedspectrumtoHigherfrequencies(>3GHz)forhigh
matchlong-termRF-specificcapacity(lowerinterference)
investment(<3GHz)Local&temporalspectrumregimes
RepurposingofUHFfromTV->(NationalBlock-licensinginefficient)
IPaccessUnlicensed,Secondary,LSA,”Instant
Digitaldividends800,700,600licensing”
MHzetc:.
Someconclusions
•WirelessCloudAccess–thedominantdesignof
futureservices
•Indoorultra-densedeployment–acompletely
differentballgame
Systemsconstraints
Spectrum
•Spectrumnotreallyafundamentallimiting
factorforcapacity
Matchingtoinfrastructureinvestmentlifecycle
17:.
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BACKUPSLIDES:.
Notallbandsareequal-limitationsto
spectrumuse

New”distant”frequencyband

Requiresnewhardware(technology)
”Yetanotherradio”inbasestations,terminalsetc

Unsuitablepropagationconditions(lowηηηη)

Tooshort(coverage),toolongrange(interference)

Widebandradios&antennas

Efficiencylossoutweigthsspectrumaccessbenefit?

Accesslimitations&businessuncertainty

Sharingwithotherusers()

Mismatchbetweenlicensingregimeandusage

Mismatchbetweenlicensingregimeandinvestments:.
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