文档介绍：Professor Dr. Jin BQ
Dept. of Food Sci. & Nutrition
Minerals & Elements
§1 Intriduction
Distribution
In the Earth:
In the Body: 20 kinds mainly, >70 kinds
Influence: Earth, Water, Food
元素周期表
*
Classification
1 Macro-elements: or Minerals, Salts
>% in the body
7 kinds: Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Cl, S
60-80% in total minerals
Unit: g
2 Microelements: <% or <% in the body
Unit: mg, µg
3 Essential Microelements:
FAO/WHO in 1995: 10 kinds
Cu, Co, Cr, Fe, F, I, Mn, Mo, Se, Zn
WHO in 1973: 14 kinds
Fe, Cu, Zn, I, Mn, Co, Mo, F, Se, Sn, Be,Ni, Si, V
No substitute materials in body
4 Toxic Microelements:
Pb, Cd, Hg, As
5 Others: Al, Li and so on
Typicality
Only from food and drink
Variety in ans
Assisting and anti-assisting
Small quantity in body
Physiological function
Important ingredients in body
Maintaining the balance of pH, osmosis and ration in cell or in body
Transduction of Muscle and Nerve
Synthesis of functional materials
Deficiency
Distribution in the environment
Inhibitors in foods
Losing in food processing
Special requirement for human
Delaying action
Safety Range (< 85%)
§2 Calcium
The first element in the body
Content: Adult 850-1200g in total
Infant 28g at born
≌-% in BW
Renew: Adult 2-4% one year, 700mg/d
>45 age % a year
Baby 1-2 year in total p106-108