文档介绍：摘要
目前,对鲜枣去核一般多用于枣类产品的工业加工,由于去核时对鲜枣定位困难,多以手工去核为主,市场现有的自动去核机,多由于顺位结构不完善导致加工精度差,枣破损报废等现象突出。
本次毕业设计提出一种三杆三点式顺位机构,用于鲜枣去核前的顺位,通过Adams仿真,设计多种工况,探讨了包括顺位杆转速对顺位时间影响、动摩擦系数对顺位时间影响、顺位杆倾斜角度对顺位时间影响,以及顺位杆尺寸对顺位时间的影响等,得出:该三杆三点式顺位机构能够实现在1秒左右的时间成功进行鲜枣的摆正竖直顺位工作,方案切实可行,并且,在电机转速越高或动摩擦系数越大,则顺位时间越短,而,顺位杆倾斜角度的不同或顺位杆的直径的不同对顺位时间的影响不大。
进一步,设计一种经济型鲜枣去核机,实现对鲜枣投料后的自动去核、自动出料等工作。主要包括放料系统、顺位定位系统、去核系统、出料系统、动力系统五大系统,各系统由单片机控制协调运行。其中,放料系统主要采用了电磁铁控制隔板,实现对单个鲜枣的逐个进料;顺位定位系统采用上述三杆三点式顺位机构,实现鲜枣竖直摆正并定位,去核系统主要设计为丝杠传输运动的空心套杆结构,简单方便的进行核肉分离工作;出料系统包括枣肉和核的出料,主要利用重力实现出料,枣肉通过带有斜面的板滚落入枣肉箱,枣核在从空心套杆中被推出后直接落入枣核箱,达到核、肉分离的效果;动力系统装有电路控制板,通过稳压调节,由步进电机提供电力,通过齿轮传动动力。
进一步,制作该经济型鲜枣去核机样机模型,分别对直径为20mm左右以及直径在10mm左右的枣进行去核工作,实验验证,该三杆三点式顺位机构能够在1秒之内对鲜枣进行摆正竖直顺位,并且,该鲜枣去核机成功完成了鲜枣的整套自动去核、自动出料的工作,去核后枣肉形态完整,枣肉浪费极少。
该经济型鲜枣去核机,结构简单、体积小巧、去核准确(枣肉浪费少),尤其适合于家庭使用,解决人们在进食鲜枣时遇到的去核繁琐的问题,提高人们食用鲜枣的舒适性和趣味性;对于一些生活尚不能独立的幼儿或者老年人,该款机器可以方便的进行进食鲜枣时的提前去核,也适合于在幼儿园、敬老院等场所使用。可进一步扩展为多排并联顺位机构结构,满足工业使用。
关键词:鲜枣去核机;顺位;三杆三点;Adams仿真;实验
Abstract
At present, the removal of date stones monly used in industrial processing of jujube products. The cores usually be removed manually because it is difficult to fix its position when the removal begins. Although automatic machine of removing date stones is available in the market, the jujube is still easy to be damaged in the process because defects of position institution would lead to poor accuracy in the process.
This graduation design proposes a mechanical structure, having the sequence of a three pole and the three-point, it was used for fresh jujube to remove cores in front of the line. By taking the advantages of Adams simulation to design a variety of operating mode, many circumstances had been discussed such as different speed ,angle of inclination ,size of the pole and different dynamic friction coefficient. Under these circumstances, many influence would be caused to effect the time .Then, a conclusion was drew that the three-pole the three-point line mechanical structure can achieve ess in less than 1 second to