文档介绍：虚拟语气
语气(mood)是一种动词形式,用以表示说话者的意图或态度。
英语的语气有三种:
:用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。
:用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。
:表示说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测等。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go for a ic.
(陈述语气)
If it were not raining, we should go for a ic.
(虚拟语气)
情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系,它们往往放在一起考查。在近年高考试题中,对情态动词和虚拟语气的考查几乎每年都有。纵观近几年的高考试题可以看出,高考对情态动词及虚拟语气的考查热点主要包括:
1. 准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。
2. 准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气结构中的使用。
3. wish, as if/though, if only, would rather+从句, It's time+从句等句型中的虚拟语气。
4. 表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词汇后及各类从句中的虚拟语气。
5. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。
、错综虚拟条件句。
虚拟语气的考点
1.[2011·北京卷]—Where are the children? The dinner's going to pletely ruined.
—I wish they______ always late.
A. weren't B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be D. wouldn't have been
真题再现
【解析】由第一个人所说的话可以看出,他担心孩子们来了会把准备好的晚餐给破坏了,由此可以看出,第二句wish 后是对现在或将来的虚拟,用一般过去时即可。
2.[2011·天津卷] I ________ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A. e B. ing
C. e D. would e
【解析】此题考查含蓄虚拟条件句。由but 后的句子可知是对过去情况的虚拟,所以应该用would have done 结构。句意为:我该早来一会儿的,但是我不知道他们在等我。
3.[2011·陕西卷] I________ through that bitter period without your generous help.
't have gone
't go
't go
't gone
【解析】此题考查含蓄虚拟条件句。由“without your generous help”可知是对过去情况的虚拟所填部分表示对过去发生过的动作进行猜测, couldn’t have done表示“过去本不可能做…(但做了)。
order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon.
be sent send
sent be sent
【解析】当表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义的动词(如order,mand等)后面接从句时,从句用虚拟语气,从句谓语用should+do,should可以省略。故选C。
7.[2011·北京卷]Maybe if I ________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study
C. had studied D. was studying
【解析】考查错综时间虚拟条件句。主句用的是would be able to...表示对现在情况的假设,但由if从句中的then可知,从句表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选had studied。