文档介绍：Nonfinite verbs
非谓语动词
1. to do 2.-ing
谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。
. He works.
He takes care of the baby.
He will go to Shanghai.
He didn’t go to Shanghai.
He has gone to Shanghai.
You are students.
You look smart.
单谓语或动词短语
情态动词/助动词+ v.
系动词+表语
非谓语:无人称,数的变化,不单独作谓语,但保留动词特点,可以有宾语或状语。
. He works.
He wants to work here.
He is working now.
He has done his work.
非谓语
不定式(to do)
V-ing
V-ed
as a noun
as adj. or adv.
现在分词
动名词
过去分词
非谓语动词的分类
使用条件
一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.
非谓语动词的
Tom returned from the manager’s office,
telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.
2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters.
3. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.
4. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.
5. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗争。)
找出下列句子中的非谓语动词(含短语)
非谓语动词的句法作用
非谓语
动词
主语
宾语
表语
定语
宾补
状语
不定式
√
√
√
√
√
√
动名词
√
√
√
√
现在分词
√
√
√
√
过去分词
√
√
√
√
高考热点
一、不定式与动名词做主语:
1. 动名词做主语往往表示泛指的、一般的行为; 不定式
做主语常表示某次具体的行为或将来的动作。
. Climbing mountains is great fun. 爬山很有趣。
To visit China is my next goal.
2. 不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不
定式短语后置。
. It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
3. 动名词作主语有时用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句
尾。常见于以下句型中:
It’s use/ good / fun… It’s useful/ nice/ useless…
It’s nice seeing you again.
辨析几类情况:
1. ________ a language requires time and effort.
A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Being learned
2. It is not always easy ________ invitations.
A. to refuse B. refusing C. to be refused D. being refused
3. How __________ the problem will be discussed at
tomorrow’s meeting.
A. to solve B. to be solved C. being solved D. solving
4. It __________ forty-five minutes __________ there by bus.
A. cost, to get B. takes, getting
C. takes, to get D. takes, to get to
5. It is no good __________. You should give_________.
A. to smoke, it up B. smoking, it up
C. smoking, up it D. to smoke, up it
二、不定式与动名词做