文档介绍：壳寡糖制备方法研究进展
邓培昌* 胡杰珍侯庆华黄来珍
(广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院, 湛江524088)
摘要:水产品加工行业副产的大量虾蟹壳不能得到充分高值利用,造成资源浪费、环境污染。壳寡糖作为虾蟹壳的高值衍生物,具有高的生理活性,广阔的应用空间。壳聚糖降解是由虾蟹壳制备壳寡糖的关键环节。开发环保的、经济的、易于工业化的壳聚糖降解技术是突破壳寡糖制备瓶颈的主要方向。壳聚糖降解的基础研究是开发壳寡糖新生产方法的根本。
关键词:壳聚糖, 壳寡糖, 电化学, 降解
Research Progress on Preparation of harides
Deng Peichang* Hu Jiezhen Hou qinghua Huang laizhen
( College of Ocean and Meteorology, Ocean University of Guangdong, Zhanjiang 524088)
Abstract The shrimp and crab shell, which is byproduct in Aquatic Products Processing Industry, is too plentiful to take full advantage. Abandoning the shrimp and crab shell is wasting of resources and environment pollution. harides (COSs), which are the high value-added derivatives of shrimp and crab shell, are of great interest since they are thought to have several interesting bioactivities and applications. The depolymerization of high molecular weight chitosans is critical process to get COSs. The development of chitosans degradation technology, which is environmentally-friendly, economical and suitable for industrialization, is a breakthrough of the bottleneck of COSs production.
Key words Chitosan, harides, Electrochemistry, Degradation
壳寡糖也叫壳聚寡糖,也称几丁寡糖,学名β-1, 4-寡糖-葡萄糖***,是壳聚糖降解而得的高端衍生物,是含有氨基的低聚糖。壳寡糖的化学结构与植物纤维非常相似,被称为可食性动物纤维素,它是多糖中唯一带正电荷的小分子物质,并具有稳定的三维结构,特殊的生理活性。壳寡糖在医药、保健品、化妆品、农药、饲料添加剂等方面具有广阔的应用前景,被称为生命的“第六要素”。
部分发达国家非常重视壳寡糖的制备、性能与应用研究。在二十世纪九十年代,日本政府开始推动壳