文档介绍：§1词类和构词法
词类
:(noun)/n.
1)mon noun)
(countable noun):teacher, magazine
(uncountable noun):rice, bread
2)专有名词(proper noun): New York, Lu Xun
:(article)/art.
1)不定冠词(indefinite article):a/an
2)定冠词(definite article):the
:(pronoun)/pron.
1)人称代词:I, you
2)物主代词:his, mine
3)反身代词:yourself, ourselves
4)相互代词:each other, one another
5)指示代词:this, such
6)疑问代词:who, which
7)关系代词:whom, that
8)不定代词:some, every
:(numeral)/num.
1)基数词: one, two,…
2)序数词: first, second,…
:(adjective)/adj.(a.)
:(adverb)/adv.(ad.)
1)普通副词: carefully, well
2)疑问副词: when, where
3)连接副词: then, however
4)关系副词: where, when
:(verb)/v.
1)实义动词:
(vt.): consider, receive
(vi.):walk, sleep
2)系动词: be, seem
3)情态动词: may, must
4)助动词: shall, well
:(preposition)/prep.
1)简单介词:in, at
2)复合介词:into, out of
3)二重介词:until after, from among
4)短语介词:according to, because of
5)分词介词:regarding, including
:(conjunction)/conj.
1)
a)并列连词: and, but
b)从属连词: when, although
2)
a)简单连词:but, if
b)关联连词:not only…but also, as…as
c)分词连词:supposing, provided
d)短语连词:as if, in order to
:(interjection)/int.
well, hello
构词法
●构词法有三种:派生法、合成法和转换法
●派生法
前缀(prefix)+词根(root)+后缀(suffix)
派生词:1) 前缀+词根
2) 词根+后缀
3) 前缀+词根+后缀
●前缀:不改变词性,只引起词义的变化
1)表示相反意义:un-, dis-, in-, im-, il-, de-等
like, legal, cover, formal
dislike, illegal, uncover, informal