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正文内文献引用的APA格式要求
(1)一件作品或多件作品的引用:
It has been argued that teachers’ role is to provide the students with optimal conditions which can facilitate learning so that students can achieve similar essful results (Bloom, 1976, pp. 12-16).
Gagne (1977, pp. 38-41) also noticed that adult learners were less affected by external instruction events.
The advantage of the multiple regression analysis is that it cannot show plex interrelations between independent variables (Bryman & Crammer, 1990, pp. 135-139).
Studies of the good language learner (for example, Naiman, Frohlich, Stern, and Todesco, 1978, pp. 49-52) have tried to identify the strategies which essful learners use (first citation) (Ellis, 1994, p. 37).
Naiman et al. (1978, pp. 49-52) found a similar relationship, although in this case ‘effort’ on the part of the learners was also associated with instrumental motivation (subsequent citation) (Ellis, 1994, p. 512).
(2)同一括号里多件作品的引用:
Empirical studies on student learning carried out since the 70’s have found that students’ learning es to a great extent depend on their choice of learning approaches (Biggs, 1979, 1987).
The major finding from the earlier studies (Barley, 1969, 1970; Clement et al., 1978; Gardner & Lambert, 1972; Gliksman, 1976; Spolsky, 1969) was that learners with an integrative motivation tended to obtain better achievement that those with an instrumen