文档介绍：应应激激 Stress Stress Stress Stress 什么是应激什么是应激? ?应激是否对人有利? 应激是否对人有利? 同一个刺激因素, 同一个刺激因素, 每个人的反应是否一样? 每个人的反应是否一样? Stress Stress 第一节第一节基本概念基本概念( ( Basic concepts of stress Basic concepts of stress ) ) ■■应激应激( ( Stress Stress ) ) ■■应激原应激原( ( Stressor Stressor ) ) ■■应激反应分类应激反应分类( ( Classification of stress response Classification of stress response ) ) ■■应激意义应激意义( ( Significance of stress Significance of stress ) ) 全身适应综合症( 全身适应综合症( General adaptation syndrome General adaptation syndrome , , GAS GAS ) ) Stress Stress 1 1. .应激应激( ( Stress Stress ) ) 应激是指机体在各种内外环境因素刺激下所出现的应激是指机体在各种内外环境因素刺激下所出现的全身性的全身性的非特异性适应性反应非特异性适应性反应称为应激或应激反应。称为应激或应激反应。 Stress is defined as a state of tension that can lead to Stress is defined as a state of tension that can lead to disharmony or threaten the homeostasis of body. disharmony or threaten the homeostasis of body. 一定强度一定强度 stimulate stimulate 特异性反应特异性反应组织坏死组织坏死化脓化脓酸中毒酸中毒非特异性适应反应非特异性适应反应焦焦虑虑恐恐惧惧血液重分布血液重分布心率增加心率增加 Stress Stress 手术烧伤感染缺氧强光噪音与刺激因素性与刺激因素性质无直接关系质无直接关系 Stress Stress 2 ( ( Stressor Stressor ) )应激原是指引起应激反应的各种刺激因素。应激原是指引起应激反应的各种刺激因素。 The stimuli or agents that induce stress are termed The stimuli or agents that induce stress are termed stressor. stressor. Stressor Stressor Psychological or socio-cultural Psychological or socio-cultural intrinsic factor of body intrinsic factor of body Physical, chemical, biological Physical, chemical, biological Threat to self esteem, relationships with other people. Cold, heat, toxins, drugs, bacteria. Homeostasis, disease, cancer. Stress Stress 4 ( ( Significance of stress Significance of stress ) ) ■■如果应激有利于机体在紧急状态下的战斗或逃避( 如果应激有利于机体在紧急状态下的战斗或逃避( Fight or Fight or flight flight ), ), 称为良性应激( 称为良性应激( Eustress Eustress )。)。■■如果应激原过于强烈,可以引起病理变化,甚至死亡。称如果应激原过于强烈,可以引起病理变化,甚至死亡。称为劣性应激( 为劣性应激( Distress Distress )。)。 Psychological stress Psychological stress 3 ( ( Classification of stress response Classification of stress