文档介绍：主动语态变被动语态的方法
 
1. 基本方法
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):
He stole our money.→Our money was stolen by him.
【注】(1)若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略:
The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是1978年建的。
(2) 在转变语态时,要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性:
The students will study the problem.
→The problem will be studied by the students.
A friend of ours is repairing the roof.
→The roof is being repaired by a friend of ours.
 2. 双宾动词的被动语态
双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,有以下两种情形值得注意:
(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)。比较:
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.
(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for):
Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her.
(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语:
He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.
 3. 含有情态动词的被动形式
若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be(或be的适当时态形式)+过去分词”:
Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.
请看以下带情态动词被动句