文档介绍：Small Business Economics (2006) 27: 369–386 Ó Springer 2006
DOI -005-2558-7
Do Equally Owned Small Businesses
Have Equal Access to Credit? Grace O. Kim
ABSTRACT. Previous research in small-business financing prehensive understanding of the credit con-
has generally ignored those businesses owned equally by males straints experienced among small business
and females. The rationale has been that such businesses share
the characteristics of both types of owners and would confound owners. A number of studies of discrimination in
any gender-based differences. This paper presents an empirical small-business financing have examined racial
study in which the credit access experiences of equally owned demographic groups (Bates, 1991; Cavalluzzo
small businesses pared to those of their female- and and Wolken, 2002; Lussier et al., 1998). Others
male-owned entrepreneurial counterparts. Various measures of have considered financing es based also
credit constraints are introduced that suggest that equally
owned businesses often do experience larger constraints than on gender (Cavalluzzo and Cavalluzzo, 1998;
male-owned businesses and smaller constraints than female- Cavalluzzo et al., 2002; Jones and Tullous, 2002;
owned businesses, when all credit applicants are considered. Riding and Swift, 1990). Still others have
However, the results are more mixed parisons of suc- conducted experimental simulations of credit
cessful applicants’ constraints. A different approach from that application es (Buttner and Rosen, 1992;
of existing research is then used to study exactly how equally
owned small businesses’ experiences are unique, rather than Fay and Williams, 1993), assessments by loan
merely whether they differ from those of their counterparts. The officers of entrepreneurs (Buttner and Rosen,
evidence indicates that different factors are determining the 1988), and interviews of borrowers about their
credit application es of all three ownership groups. per