HND micro¯o经济学宏微观.doc

文档介绍：UKmeasureofunemployment:;existswherethereisa‘mismatch’-,steelandheavyengineeringhavefounditdifficulttogainre-employmentwithoutre-:Lossofproductionandoutput:unabletoaddGDP;Amisallocationofresources:employedhaveburdenofpayingfortheunemploymenttheunemployment;Adeclineinlabormarketskills:persistentlyunemployedwilllosevaluableskills;Costtothegovernment:fundtheunemploymentthroughbudgetdeficit;etoemployee:reducedpurchasingpowerandlowerstandardofliving;Highunemployment:anexcesssupplyofjobs,employerscanmoreeasilyfindlaborandarelesslikelytoincreaseswagestoattractworkers;Increaseddomesticviolence,crime,healthproblemsandnegativepsychologicaleffects(lossofself-esteem).Business:costsrise;ifimporting,importscostmore;greateruncertainty;reduceinvestment;difficulttoplan