文档介绍：Designing With Plastic
The Fundamentals
TDM-1
The Fundamentals
Designing With Plastic
Designing With Plastic
The Fundamentals
Table of Contents
Introduction
1. Plastics Materials – An Overview 10
Classification 11
Thermoplastics 12
Thermosets 12
Crystalline, Amorphous, and Liquid 13
Crystalline Polymers 13
Copolymers 14
Alloys 14
Elastomers 14
Additives, Reinforcements, and Fillers 14
2. Physical Properties and Terminology 15
Density 15
Specific Gravity 15
Water Absorption 15
Mold Shrinkage 15
Opacity/Transparency 16
Elasticity 16
Plasticity 16
Ductility 16
Toughness 16
Brittleness 17
Notch Sensitivity 17
Lubricity 17
Homogeneity 17
Heterogeneity 17
Isotropy 17
Anistropy 17
Significance of Elasticity, Homogeneity, 18
and Isotropy
3. Mechanical Properties 19
Basic Definitions 19
Stress 19
Normal Stress 20
Normal Strain 20
Modulus of Elasticity 21
Proportional Limit 21
Yield Point 21
Ultimate Strength 22
Elastic Limit 22
Secant Modulus 22
Yield Strength 22
Poisson’s Ratio 22
2
Designing With Plastic
The Fundamentals
Plastics Materials –
Shear Stress 23 An Overview 1
Shear Modulus 23
Relating Material Constants 23
Direct Shear 23
True Stress 24 Physical Properties
Other Measures of Strength and Modulus 24 and Terminology 2
Strength and Modulus 24
Bending Strength and Modulus 25
Rate Dependence of Mechanical Properties 25
Time-Related Mechanical Properties 26 Mechanical
Creep 26 Properties 3
Apparent or Creep Modulus 27
Creep Rupture 27
Stress Relaxation 28
Extrapolating Creep and Relaxation Data 28 Thermal
Impact Loading 28 Properties 4
Izod Impact 28
Charpy Impact 29
Tensile Impac