文档介绍：URBAN PAUPERIZATION UNDER CHINA’S SOCIAL
EXCLUSION: A CASE STUDY OF NANJING
YUTING LIU
South China University of Technology
SHENJING HE AND FULONG WU
Cardiff University
ABSTRACT: This article articulates how two new urban poverty groups, namely the new urban
poor and poor rural migrants, are pauperized under China’s social exclusion. We argue that the
two poverty groups experience different pauperization processes and are subjected to distinctive
social exclusions with relevance to their institutional-based status and changes in it. The urban poor
experience status change from being beneficiaries of the planned economy to being victims of the
market economy, and e a vulnerable group characterized by market exclusion and limited
welfare dependency. The status of poor rural migrants changes from being institutionally inferior
farmers in the planned economy to being a marginal group of urban society, which is now subjected
to institutional exclusion and the resultant social exclusion. This research argues that positive social
policies should be considered and a social security system should be established to pay more attention
to the development issues of the urban poor.
Over the last decades, the proliferating literature on new urban poverty and social exclusion
encapsulates a broad debate on the social and spatial transformations taking place in Western
cities (Badcock, 1997; t, 1996; Mingione, 1996). The prevailing interpretation is to treat
the new urban poverty as an e of global economic restructuring, changes in the welfare
state, and social structure (Morris, 1993; Neef, 1992; Sassen, 1991; Wacquant, 1993; Walks, 2001;
Wessel, 2000; Wilson, 1987).
Against the background of economic globalization, the post-Fordist economy and an employ-
ment regime characterized by a precarious labor market and the curtailment of employment for
life have caused very large numbers of uneducated or unskilled workers to be excluded in Wester