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Parametric monochromatic X-ray (PXR), a new class of coherent X-ray, is a tunable single wavelength and single phase X-ray.
PXR has been developed by using the electron beam from the 125-MeV linac in Laboratory for Electron Beam Research (LEBRA) of Nippon University.
When the PXR are converged, PXR shows a similar characteristic to the Bragg peak of proton beam and heavy ion beam for radiosurgery.
Since PXR is a single wavelength and single phase of soft-to-hard X-ray, it minimizes radiation exposure in the surrounding tissues.
PXRs have a potential to induce photoexcitation of radiosensitive molecules and establish a new PDT antitumor therapy targeting deep internal tumors and metastatic regions in addition to the direct radiation therapy even.
PDT compounds conjugated with Iodine, which may have an absorbance of around 33KeV coherent X-ray and generate a scintillation light of around 420nm for a photosensitivity material. This may activate and generate singlet oxygen in the target disease tissues.
低被爆
放射線 力学療法
深部臓器への治療
Possible Application of X-ray Induced Photodynamic Therapy ( PDT )
がん・腫瘍を
特異的に治療
約3日後、PDT薬剤はがんに集積
光線を腫瘍部位に充てることでPDT薬剤を活性化
がん患者の方にPDT薬剤を静脈注射
可視光・赤外光は深部組織に到達できない
PhotofrinR
Dissolved in glucose injection and 2mg/kg intravenous.
The cancer tissue takes Photofrin four times higher than normal tissue
and shows over 48 hours stagnation. In contrast, Photofrin is excreted within 24 hours in all of normal tissue. 48 to 72 hours after injection, the wavelength 630nm laser irradiation can be performed to cancerous regions. 630nm laser reaches the depth of only 5 ~ 10mm in superficial cancer and early cancer (lung cancer, esophageal cancer,
gastric cancer, cervical dysplasia and early cancer in use). Induced PDT reaction induces cancer cell death.
molecular weight 123128~488330
Our new iodinated photosensitizerChlorophyll derivatives and iodine conjugate
We synthesized iodine (I) conjugated light-sensitive substance Chlorophyll derivatives because iodine as a contrast agent is used in the clinical-ray absorption.
irradiation which is Iodine K-edge absorption can be reached to deep tissues.
Iodine conjugated chlorophyll derivatives is currently in clinical trials of phase I/II in the United States for cancer diagnosis.
I
Irradiated iodine compound NaI (Tl) has been known to generate the scintillation light of around 420nm. So, this iodinated photosensitizer may be activated by 33keV coherent X-rays.
531
(2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a)HPPH-Cyanine Dye Conjugate:
In vivo Fluorescence Imaging
C3H mice
bearing RIF
tumors
Drug Dose:
(i) mg/Kg
(ii) mg/kg
24 h p. i.
Compound 523
がん細胞にだけ取り込まれる物質をさがせ。
これに致死性の作用をもたせる。
さらに標識をつければ診断、治療判定まで。
Against Cancer
Dr. Allan Oseroff, Roswell Park Cancer Institute
A
B
CC
Biodistribution of HPPH-dye Conjugate
A: 24 h; B: 48 h
C: 72 h
Dose:
A
B
C
C
Dr. Achilefu
WSU, St. Louis
静脈注射後一定期間で腫瘍にのみ集積
Against Cancer
肺がんのPET CT Scanによる診断
頭頚部癌の遠隔転移
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for cancer diagnosis is mainly used to provide a three-dimensional map of flurodeoxyglucose (FDG), which contains a positron emitter whose energy use in the various tissues of the body in order to record the image on a crystal outside the patient. FDG is a modified form of glucose and a simple sugar that is a main energy source. Cancer cells most often use glucose more rapidly than normal cells and can be highlighted as brighter areas on the map. The recorded emissions provide a map of how glucose is used throughout the body.
糖代謝が盛んながん細胞を画像化
パラメトリックX線発生装置
単結晶
4極電磁石
4極磁石
0
1000
(単位:mm)
単結晶
電子線
回転
移動
回転
回転
X線
真空容器
日本大学電子線利用研究施設のバラメトリックX線放射
大実験室
クライストロン
集束コイル
導波管
加速管
電子銃
バンチャー
加速管
加速管
偏向電磁石
ビーム
ダンプ
反射鏡
レーザー
自由電子レーザー
ミラー真空槽
ミラー
真空箱
自由電子レーザー
発生装置
電子線形加速器
方向性結合器
円板装着型加速管
の内部構造
電子線
偏向電磁石
単結晶
X線
電子線
パラメトリックX線
パラメトリック
X線発生装置
単結晶
電子線
集束電磁石
集束電磁石
電子線
S
永久磁石
蛇行運動
N
反射鏡
アンジュ
レーター
ビームエキス
パンダー
分析電磁石
集束磁石
アンジュ
レーター
クライストロン
30 m
Monte Carlo simulation for 3-D exposure
by converged single wave-length coherent X-ray
3次元集束による線量分布
EGS5
Xray (40keV)
エネルギーロスdEの空間分布
EGS5
Xray (40keV)
20mm
20mm
φ
φ
1mm
1mm
φ
φ
50
50
μ
μ
m
m
φ
φ
生体組織
生体組織
がん組織
がん組織
生体組織の表面
100mm
20mm
20mm
φ
φ
生体組織
がん組織
40keVのX線
A model of fine radio-surgery
for cancer patient treatment
A comparison of energy loss for
Proton beam, Carbon Ion beam and coherent X-ray
in water
12C×1 (220MeV/u)
P×29 ()
Xray× (40keV)
PHITS+EGS5
ブラック゛ピーク
空間干渉X線
フレネルレンズ
癌部
Bragg peaks
Targeting cancer mass in the inner tissue
Fresnel lens
coherent X-ray
深部臓器へ有効なX線の線量を到達させることを表層部の被爆を抑えたうえで可能にする