文档介绍:该【现在完成时和过去式比较公开课获奖课件赛课一等奖课件 】是由【书犹药也】上传分享,文档一共【18】页,该文档可以免费在线阅读,需要了解更多关于【现在完成时和过去式比较公开课获奖课件赛课一等奖课件 】的内容,可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能,选择自己适合的文档,以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字,如需要获得完整电子版,请下载此文档到您的设备,方便您编辑和打印。目前完毕时与一般过去时的比较
the present perfect tense & the simple past tense
一、目前完毕时
:主语+(助动词)have/has+过去分词
表达过去发生或已经完毕的某一动作对目前导致的影响或成果。
2. 可以和某些表达不确定的时间状语连用,如just, already, yet, ever, recently, so far等。例如:
We’ve done a lot of work on it, but we haven’t finished yet.
3. 表达动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到目前,还也许持续下去,常与for和since等引起的表达一段时间的状语连用。
I’ve lost 7 kg in the last two months.
4. 表达说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,目前成为一
种经历,常带有twice, ever, never, three times, before等时间状语。例如:
I’ve never seen her as angry as that, so I kept quiet.
Tips
a. come, arrive, buy, hear等终止性动词的目前完毕时一般不能与表达一段时间的状语连用。
He has joined the army for three years. (false)
He has been a soldier for three years. (right)
He has been in the army for three years. (right)
b. hear等词的否认式可以与for等引起的表达一段时间状语连用。例如:
I haven’t heard from you for weeks.
translation
我已经写完作业了。(finish)
I have finished my homework already.
2. 他已经在这里工作五年了。(work)
He has worked here for five years.
二. 一般过去时
:主语+动词过去式
,常和a moment ago, half an hour ago, just now, yesterday, last week, in , in those days, at that time等表达过去的时间状语连用。例:
We soon became good friends.
Two years ago, she bought an expensive bike.
。例如:
At four o’clock, Polly left work and stepped out into the fog
4. 表达过去时间内常常或习惯性的动作或状态。例如:
After lunch, we usually played on the school field.
Nothing is impossible.(写出下列动词的过去式)
work rain
watch wash
2. trip
drop stop
plan shop
3. cry copy
try study
4. stay enjoy
play destroy
5. live smile
move like
6. come write
fly buy
一般过去时
came wrote
flew bought
1. 动词 + ed
2. 末尾只有一种辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个字母, 再+ed.
3. 辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i,再+ed.
4. 元音字母+y结尾的,直接+ed.
5. 以e字母结尾的动词加d。
不规则变化需强记
我昨天去看电影了。
I went to a movie yesterday.
2. 我去年住在纽约。
I lived in New York last year.
3. 我刚刚没有吃苹果。
I didn’t eat an apple just now.
4. 我上个月买了一部新手机。
I bought a new mobile phone last month.
5. 我前天参观了博物院。
I visited the museum the day before yesterday.
翻译
概念:
一般过去时表达在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态,也表达过去常常或反复发生的动作。
. He came here yesterday.
目前完毕时表达过去的动作(或状态)对目前产生的影响和成果
. He has broken his bottle.
一般过去时和目前完毕时的区别:
1)构成不一样
Tom went to London last year.
Lily has been to London twice.
一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式,
目前完毕时的谓语用“助动词have /has +过去分词”
一般过去时和目前完毕时的区别:
一般过去时和目前完毕时的区别:
目前完毕时是表达过去的动作与目前的联络,重要阐明的是目前的状况和状态;而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间,与目前不发生联络.
.
We haven‘t seen him since last year. 我们自从去年以来一直未见到他。(目前尚未见到)
We didn‘t see him last year. 我们去年没见到他。(目前不一定未见到)
Who has opened the door? 谁把门开了?(目前门还开着)
Who opened the door? 谁开的门? (指过去,与目前无关。目前门是关着还是开着,没有阐明。)
— Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭没有? (意即你目前不饿吗?)
— Yes, I have. 吃了。 (意即我目前饱了,不要再吃了。)
— When did you have it? 你什么时候吃的? (说话人感爱好的是“吃”这一动作发生在时。)
2)使用方法不一样
I had supper an hour ago.我一小时前吃的晚饭。(表达过去的动作)
I have just had supper.我刚刚吃过晚饭。(强调对目前的影响———我不饿)
He was a teacher then.他那时是个教师。(表达过去的状态)
He has been a teacher since then.他从那时起一直当教师。(她目前还是教师)