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英语中有许多此表达“也许”,但归纳起来,无非就三类:
.
likely, possible, probable.
maybe, perhaps, possibly, probably.
一.情态动词may (might)和can (could)
,表达客观的(理论的)也许性,并不波及详细某事与否会发生,常可以阐明人或事物的特征。要体现详细某事实际,发生的也许性时,不可用can,须用could, may, might 。
如:
(1)A left-luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time ,especially at a railway station.[全国,28]
行李寄存处,尤其是在火车站,使人们可以短期寄存行李的地方。(客观也许性)
(2)Accidents can happen on such rainy days.
这种下雨的天气也许会发生事故.(客观也许性)
(3)Peter may come with us tonight ,but he isn’t sure yet.[1993全国,27]彼得今晚也许来我们这儿,但还没确定.(实际也许性)
(4)We may go camping next Sunday.
下星期我们也许去野营.(实际也许性)
2. may not 表达“也许不”,can not/can’t表达“不也许”,can(could)可用于疑问意义。
如:
(1)---- Is John coming by train ?
---- He should ,but he may not .He likes driving his car.[全国,25](表达“也许不”)
(2)A computer can’t think for itself ;it must be told what to do .[1991全国,15](表达“不也许”)
(3)Mr Bush is on time for everything .How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ?[上海,27]
试比较:
This can’t be done by him .这不也许是他干的。
This may not be done by him .这也许不是他干的。
Can this be done by him ?这也许是他干的吗?
(此处不可用may,may用于疑问句表达“可以”。但此句可以说:Is this likely to be done by him ?)
此外,could ,might并不一定与过去的时间有关,而表达也许性弱于它们对应的目前时形式。
如:
This could/may/might be done by him .这件事有也许是他干的。(语气依次递减)
二、形容词:likely , possible , probable
,只“从表面及想来看很有也许”,常用句型:
sb./sth be likely to do or It is likely that... 如:They are likely to become angry with him .
他们也许会对他发火。
It is likely that he will come.
注意:(1)、 likely表达“有也许成功的”、“有但愿的”意思时,不能用此外两词。
What is the likeliest time to find him at home?什么时候最也许在家里找到他?
(2).likely在作副词时,前面一定要加very或most. They’ll very likely ask for an increase in the budget. 他们很也许规定增长预算。
2 possible指“由于有合适的条件和措施,某事也许发生或做到”,强调“客观上有也许”,但常具有“实际但愿很小”的意思。
如:I will do everything possible to help you .
我将尽一切也许协助你.
常用句型: It is possible for sb. to do something It is possible that…
It is possible for one man to finish this.
It’s possible that he will accept the terms.
注意:possible不能以人作主语,也不能说make sb. possible,应说make it possible for sb. to do sth.
This made it possible for him to go abroad for further studies.
3 . probable 语气比possible强,指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物,带有大概、很也许 的意思。
如:The home team , far ahead , is the probeble winner.
主队份遥遥领先,很也许成为胜利者。
注意: probable也不能以人作主语,也不能用于It is probable for sb. to do , 但可用于句型:It is probable that…
It is probable that the winner will get a prize.
此外,这三个形容词likely , possible , probable 都可用于句型:It is +adj.+to do sth./that-clause. It作形式主语。但只有likely可以用于句型:sb./sth be likely to do sth .
如:(1)    It is probable that it will rain today.
今天很也许会下雨。(第一种it是形式主语,第二个是天气。)
(2)    She is the most girl to win the prize.
由于主语是人,“有但愿的”。
试比较:
( ╳) It is probable to rain today.(It指天气)
( √ ) It is likely to rain today.(It指天气)
但可以说:He is impossble to teach.(=It is impossible to teach him.)
注意:不定式动词与主语存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时,句子才对的。