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命题点6 段中句•过渡衔接
【考向研析】
考向1
并列关系
表示句子或词语之间具有的一种相互关联,或是同时并举,或是同时进行的关系。这种逻辑关系通常有表示并列或平行的并列连词,常见的主要有:and、also、first、second、third;for one thing、for another thing;some、others、still others,neither...nor...,either...or...,as well as, not only...but also...,but yet, still, while等。注意这些并列连词对分析行文中的逻辑关系非常重要,也有助于破解相关的题目
考向2
转折关系
主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子
考向3
因果关系
主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系,这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况
考向4
递进关系
主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子
【真题研磨】
【考向1】并列关系
【典例展示】 (2023·全国甲卷·节选)
·Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less
stressed and even more .“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. 
your causes
with small tasks
the uncomfortable
this adds up to a state of hurry
can also help us practice more patience
is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解题思维】
·第一步 分析文章结构可知,本题考点为考查段中句。
·第二步 本文主要讲如何成为有耐心的人。根据小标题Practice gratitude可推知,表示感激也可以培养我们的耐心。空前文提到:感恩有很多好处:研究表明,它让我们更快乐,有更少压力,更乐观。空处应该进一步说明感激还可以培养耐心。
·第三步 根据考点和段落标题及段落语境可知,感恩也有助于我们有更强的自控力,也就是能够让我们练习更多的耐心。句中表示并列的连词also和上文构成逻辑上的并列关系。
试填答案:__E__ 
【考向2】转折关系
【典例展示】 (2021·浙江高考·节选)
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily,“but you can imagine that after a while,you never receive as many as you send,and you realize that not everyone is into ”Seeking other like-minded souls,however,Paulo
started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch (直觉)paid off. 
that’s totally fine.
makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
August 5,the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
,if you speak only Chinese,receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
short,he loves postcards,and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【解题思维】
·第一步 设空处前一句讲到“过了一段时间你会发现自己收到的明信片没有发出去的多”。
·第二步 设空处后一句讲到“然而, Paulo没有放弃自己的爱好, 而是采取了网络方式”。
·第三步 根据逻辑判断, 设空处应与其前一句构成转折关系, 意为“那完全不成问题”。
试填答案:__A__ 
【考向3】因果关系
【典例展示】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. __36__ So the first thing we did
was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.  
all the customers are tourists.
quality of life in France is equally excellent.
was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解题思维】
·第一步 定位前句“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.”意思是:我和我丈夫刚在巴黎待了一周,说明了背景。
·第二步 定位后句“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.”意思是:所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的公寓,在第六层,只有一个橱柜那么大。
·第三步 根据空后的句子中的So可知, 该句与设空处是因果关系。
试填答案:__F__ 
【考向4】递进关系
【典例展示】 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. 
little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解题思维】
·第一步 确定考点:通过对该题上下文语境的分析可知,本题考点为考查递进关系。
·第二步 语境分析:根据空前的You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your ,你需要你的亲朋好友来帮你增加这篇写作的内容。空后的意思是:通过那种方式,关于让你变得特别的东西和你个人品质的闪光点方面,你们是可以交流意见的。
·第三步 根据考点和上下文的语境可知,他们可能也想尝试一下这种训练。
试填答案:__C__ 
【考场技法】
技法1 根据并列关系确定答案
并列
关系
掌握特点:不管句内还是句间并列,都有相应的并列连词
技巧运用:找准并列连词,分析行文中的逻辑关系
技法2 根据转折关系确定答案
转折
掌握特点:指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系
关系
技巧运用:空格前后两句话之间如果是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折关系的句子
技法3 根据因果关系确定答案
因果
关系
掌握特点:指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系
技巧运用:是说明了前因后果还是前果后因等情况
技法4 根据递进关系确定答案
递进
关系
掌握特点:后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明,即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系
技巧运用:空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子
【多维演练】
Test 1
体裁:说明文
词数:279+79
话题:相机选择
建议用时:15分钟
Life is full of special moments that deserve to be preserved in you’re going to the beach,a waterproof camera will help you do waterproof camera is an ideal tool for capturing diving memories and moments of deep sea-fishing ,it works equally well for water park  
As with any camera,you can choose a waterproof camera with a viewing screen that allows you to see the photos you have just For clear viewing in any situation,a waterproof camera with a high-resolution LCD viewing screen is better. 
__3__In most cases,you’ll want the smallest and lightest camera you can for a waterproof camera that weighs 140g or terms of size,choose a waterproof camera that’s no more than two-and-a-half inches in length,two inches in
width,and one-and-a-half inches in height so it’s easy to carry around. 
It is a good idea to read reviews of the camera carefully and thoroughly before buying a water-resistant can give people an idea of the kind of settings where the camera can be used and how well the camera the complaints are about the company’s negative response to quality problems,they can be useful information as well. 
If you’re using a waterproof camera underwater,try to get as close to your subject as ’d better take it with you all the could raise the camera’s operating temperature and cause damage. 
size and weight of your waterproof camera matter.
waterproof cameras have a voice control feature.
is some advice on how to choose and use such cameras.
is because water will absorb warm colors like orange and red.
also need to take special note of any statement of dissatisfaction.
,do not leave a waterproof camera in direct sunlight for long.
screen should be clear enough to see underwater or in direct sunlight.
答案:1~
Test 2
体裁:说明文
词数:228+78
话题:批判性思维
建议用时:15分钟
Critical thinking is making an effort to improve the way you use this process to solve problems,make arguments and evaluate ’s important in just about every area of life. 
Most of our thinking is not critical don’t need to make many
judgments to travel to work or cook thinking can save us from blindly making poor how can you improve your critical thinking skills?You need to are many ways of doing are a few: 
__3__Look at articles or books written by people on all sides of the each source,evaluate the argument:What claim is it making?What reasons does it give?Are the reasons logical? 
•When you see or hear a claim,ask questions about is making the claim and why?What is the claimant’s background and how does this motivate their opinion?
•Evaluate your own do you tend not to think critically?Why don’t you?How can you improve?
•Question things you claims do you accept without knowing the reasons for them?__4__Try to find out what others believe about that claim and why. 
As you grow in critical thinking,you’ll become a wiser and more thoughtful  
to your claim.
about a topic people disagree on.
you think of one,do some research.
’s analyzing facts separately so you can make decisions.
it may help you to succeed at work or school as well.
’ll only use it if we make a conscious effort to ask questions about what we see.
when a problem comes our way,we need to think critically to decide how to solve it.
答案:1~
Test 3
体裁:说明文
词数:254+82
话题:结束语
建议用时:15分钟
“Regards”.“Best wishes”.“Take care”.The words at the end of an email may seem Even the most common “Sent from my iPhone” can tell that the sender has taken the time to reply although clearly not at their -off may just be a word or a short phrase, followed by your signature, and yet finding the right tone to close your email often requires a surprising amount of thought and skill. 
When you’re struggling with how to end an email, it’s best to consider the context (语境).__2__ Here are three of the most common email settings and the tried-and-true sign-offs that work best for each. 
Best However, be aware of its greeting card vibe (氛围) and use it only when it fits well with the tone of your email. 
recent study by the email app Boomerang rated cheers as the most likely sign-off to get an email Cheers works well if your email is friendly and conversational but, unless you’re actually British or Australian, it may come off as affected in more formal settings. 
conveys best wishes in a cheerful, short and informal you get a lot of emails, you know that nearly everyone uses this sign- 
Anyway, the appropriate sign-off depends on your position and your relation to the person who receives your email and the nature of time, take these factors into consideration and try the above sign-offs.
, the sign-off matters.
, that isn’t a thank-you as most people assume.
both friendly and formal makes this sign-off a safe bet.
, it’s the most important factor in choosing right words.
works for a close colleague won’t work with a distant acquaintance.
should always bear in mind that not all sign-offs convey certain messages.
disadvantage is that it can be dull if you want your message to be attention-getting.
答案:1~
Test 4
体裁:说明文
词数:248+60
话题:走进大自然
建议用时:15分钟
Today’s children spend too much time online, which gives them an abnormal perception of adults are expected to fill their lives with wonder by taking them to a site featuring something natural.
Nature is actually the best environment for children to enjoy, explore, and exposed to nature, children don’t just see the beauty as we adults They automatically become hands-on in nature, climbing on rocks, swinging from trees and picking things up. 
Children begin to wonder in materials such as leaves and sticks provide endless possibilities for play and Children have to come up with ideas of how to use them. 
Additionally, nature gives children ultimate freedom—they don’t necessarily have to follow the rules and tasks set for them when become more confident by learning new they can catch a fish, they’ll have a cool story to