文档介绍：初中的从句考察
一:宾语从句:
(1)宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即:
句型一:主句+引导词+主语+谓语+其他
句型二:主句+引导词(从句主语)+谓语+其他
特殊:what’s the matte?在宾语从句中语序不变
(2)引导词的使用判断:
若宾语从句的意思完整,则引导词用that,其中在宾语从句中that可以省略
若宾语从句的一丝不完整,则用其他连接代词作引导词,如:where,when,whether,whom,if
例句: you tell me she is waiting for?
reader asked the shop keeper Who Moved My Chess was an interesting book.
’m not sure he will spend his summer holiday.
(3)时态;
若主句谓语是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制而视实际需要而定;
若主句时态是过去的,宾语从句要用相应的表示过去的时态(一般过去式,过去完成时,过去进行时,过去将来时等):She said she fourteen years old.
但当宾语从句说的是普遍真理时,则从句中的谓语动词仍用现在时
The teacher told the children that the earth around the sun.
二: 定语从句(修饰名词)
1. 引导定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定语从句(主句与从句中有逗号等符号分开)中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which.
2. 当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that.
3. as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.
4. 介词+which/whom/whose从句
5. 代/名+介词+which 从句
常用:物等用that,人用who
三状语从句:
修饰主句中的动词, 形容词和副词, 通常有从属连词引导, 按其意义和作用可分为时间, 地点, 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式,
1. 时间状语从句:
1) 常见连词有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 刚做…就….
3) 还有 immediately, directly, ins