文档介绍：PART 0
PRELUDE: REVIEW OF "UNIFIED ENGINEERING
THERMODYNAMICS"
PART 0 - PRELUDE: REVIEW OF “UNIFIED ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS”
[IAW pp 2-22, 32-41 (see IAW for detailed SB&VW references); VN Chapter 1]
What it’s All About
The focus of thermodynamics in is on the production of work, often in the form of
ic energy (for example in the exhaust of a jet engine) or shaft power, from different sources of
heat. For the most part the heat will be the result bustion processes, but this is not always the
case. The course content can be viewed in terms of a “propulsion chain” as shown below, where we
see a progression from an energy source to useful propulsive work (thrust power of a jet engine). In
terms of the different blocks, the thermodynamics in Unified Engineering and in this course are
mainly about how to progress from the second block to the third, but there is some examination of
the processes represented by the other arrows as well. The course content, objectives, and lecture
outline are described in detail in Handout #1.
Energy source Heat Mechanical Useful propulsive
chemical (combustion work, work (thrust
nuclear, etc. process) electric power... power)
Definitions and Fundamental Ideas of Thermodynamics
As with all sciences, thermodynamics is concerned with the mathematical modeling of the
real world. In order that the mathematical deductions are consistent, we need some precise
definitions of the basic concepts.
A continuum is a smoothed-out model of matter, neglecting the fact that real substances are
composed of discrete molecules. Classical thermodynamics is concerned only with continua. If
we wish to describe the properties of matter at a molecular level, we must use the techniques of
statistical mechanics and ic theory.
A closed system is a fixed quantity of matter around which we can draw a boundary. Everything
outside the boundary is the surroundings. Matter cannot cross the boundary of a clos