文档介绍：Chapter6 Motivating Learning 激发学习动机
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Classroom Learning
Issues in this chapter: 本章主要内容:
Why motivation is important to student learning?
Different kinds of motivation
Expectation and attribution
Discussion 1
What is motivation?
How many kinds of motivation do you know? Give an example to each kind of motivation.
Do you agree the classification of this book?
What are the features of motivation?
Why motivation is the most important factor in school learning?
What is motivation
The reasons for undertaking a task: a particular problem in institutionalised learning. ()
动机(motivation):激发和维持有机体行动,并使该行动朝向一定目标的心理倾向或内部驱力。
上海教育出版社:心理学大辞典,2003年12月第一版,p. 223
动机(motive):以一定方式引起并维持人的行动的内部唤醒状态。…(这一术语)现在用于表示驱使人的行动的内部状态…
上海教育出版社:教育大辞典(增订合编本上),1998年8月第一版,P. 289
Different kinds of motivation 不同类型的动机
Four kinds of motivation
a. Extrinsic motivation:Students learn because of the consequence: to obtain a reward, or to avoid punishment for not doing it.
b. Social motivation: Students learn in order to please people who are important to them, for example their families.
c. Achievement motivation: Students learn in order pete against other students: winning makes them feel good.
d. Intrinsic motivation: Students learn because they are interested in the task or activity itself, and performing it gives them pleasure.
External motivation: 外在动机
Low quality involvement 低质量的投入
Feeling with pressure 感到压力
Unstable 不稳定
Internal motivation: 内在动机
High quality involvement 高质量的投入
Feeling of pleasure 良好的感觉
Self-maintaining 自我保持
Properties of different motivation: 各类动机的特点
Social motivation: 社会动机
Value what other people valued 以他人的价值为重
Seeking perfection and being model 追求完美成为楷模
Working hard for the target beyond the task 为学习之外的目标而努力
Change with social evaluation 随社会评价的改变而变
Achieving motivation 成就动机
Focus on effects of learning 关注学习的后果
For personal value and benefit 为本人的价值和利益
Hard working and suffering 努力、受苦
Change with the input-output