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作者签名: 日 期:
摘要
我国航空运输业进入了快速蓬勃的发展阶段,航空客货运输量和飞行架次逐年攀升。迅速增长的空中交通量使我国面临着航路结构复杂、主要航路拥堵的困境,尤其是在高峰时间和恶劣天气情况下,当前的航路网络(ARN)表现出效率低、灵活性差的弊端,从而导致了大面积航班延误和安全运行压力增大。因此,针对这些问题,如何优化航路网络布局,提高运行容量和安全性,成为亟待解决的重要课题。
本文主要研究了航路网络规划的一些关键技术问题,首先介绍了航路网络规划原则和流程, 建立了航路网络评价指标体系;其次对航路网络节点进行建模分析,引入差分进化算法对模型进行求解,采用多目标法与约束违反程度相结合处理约束条件,在模型求解过程中选用标准差分进化机制,使不满足冲突约束的个体与满足约束的个体有同样的概率进入下一代,充分利用不满足约束个体提供的有用信息,降低了联赛选择算子的局限性,进一步提高了得到全局最优解的概率;然后根据北京飞行情报区空域环境,针对现有航路网络布局问题,对该区域内航路网络交叉点重新布局,将连接度高且各航段流量大的交叉点进行分解,在空中交通流量一定的情况下,降低了一些大流量交叉点的冲突数,提高了航路网络的安全性,降低了航路网络的运行成本;最后提出了一种新型的航路结构-高速航路,探讨其在现行空域环境中运行的可操作性, 在京沪穗三地间引入这种航路结构以期解决当前三地之间航路容量瓶颈问题。
关键词: 航路网络,节点,交叉点布局,差分进化算法,高速航路
ABSTRACT
China's air transport industry has stepped into a vigorous stage with passenger and cargo throughput rises year by year. The growing air traffic volume has imposed a hazard situation plicated route structure and crowded airway, especially in peak hours and bad weather condition. The work (ARN) showed drawbacks of low efficiency, poor flexibility, which results in large amount of flight delays and pressure increase in safe operation. Therefore, it is of significant to study how to optimize the layout of the work, to improve the operational capacity and safety so as to address the problem mentioned above.
This paper studies the some of the key technical issues in air work planning. Firstly, the work planning principles and processes was introduced, and a work evaluation index system was established; Secondly, the work nodes was analyzed and modeled, a differential evolution algorithm was introduced to solve the model. In order to take full use of the information provided by individuals who didn’t meet the conflict constraints, during the solving process, they had same probability entering next generation with those who sat