文档介绍：Chapter 3
Introduction
Sustainable Development and Green Chemistry
Atom Economy
Atom Economic Reactions
Atom Un-economic Reactions
Reducing Toxicity
Principles and Concepts of Green Chemistry
MIKE LANCASTER
1、Prevention
It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it has been created.
2、Atom Economy
Synthetic methods should be designed to maximise the incorporation of all materials used in the process into the final product.
3、Less Hazardous Chemical Synthesis
Wherever practicable, synthetic methods should be designed to use and generate substances that possess little or no toxicity to people or the environment.
Source: Green Chemistry Theory and Practice, Anastas & Warner, OUP, 2000
The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry
(From: . Anastas and . Warner, green chemistry: theory and practice)
Source: Green Chemistry Theory and Practice, Anastas & Warner, OUP, 2000
4、Designing Safer Chemicals
Chemical products should be designed to effect their desired function while minimising their toxicity.
5、Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
The use of auxiliary substances (., solvents or separation agents) should be made unnecessary whenever possible and innocuous when used.
6、Design for Energy Efficiency
Energy requirements of chemical processes should be recognised for their environmental and economic impacts and should be minimised. If possible, synthetic methods should be conducted at ambient temperature and pressure.
The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry
(From: . Anastas and . Warner, green chemistry: theory and practice)
The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry
7、 Use of Renewable Feedstocks
A raw material or feedstock should be renewable rather than depleting whenever technically and economically practicable.
8、 Reduce Derivatives
Unnecessary derivatization (use of blocking groups, protection/de-protection, and temporary modification of physical/chemical processes) should be minimised or avoided if possible, because such steps require