文档介绍：Chapter 2 Cash and Receivables
第二章现金及应收款
Part A Cash and Cash Equivalents
In this part, we are going to learn:
Cash
Cash equivalents
Internal control
Cash
Cash includes currency and coins, balances in checking accounts, and items acceptable for deposit in these accounts.
现金包括纸币、硬币、银行支票存款账户的余额以及可以存入这些账户的款项。
Simply, “cash”=money hold in hand + deposit in bank account
Cash Equivalents
Cash Equivalents include money market funds, treasury bills, mercial paper.
现金等价物包括货币市场基金、国库券和商业票据等。
The maturity date (到期日) for cash equivalents should be no longer than three months from the date of purchase.
Internal Control
Cash and cash equivalents are the most liquid assets. (easy to convert to cash)
There is a high possibility for misuse and theft.
Cash and cash equivalents must be carefully safeguarded against misuse and theft.
A system (or some methods) we use to protect cash and cash equivalents is called “internal control (现金的内部控制)”
Internal Control
Some key requirements in “internal control”:
Separation of duties. 职责分离
Someone who receives cash does not also disburse cash.
Someone who handles cash cannot access accounting records. (cashier and accountant should not be the same person.)
Cash receipts are immediately recorded and deposited and are not used directly to make payments. 现金收入应立即被记录和存入银行,而不能直接用于支付其他款项。
Internal Control
Some key requirements in “internal control”:
Disbursements are made by numbered checks, only with authorization by someone other than the person writing the check.
Bank accounts are reconciled (调节、调整) monthly. (bank reconciliation 银行存款余额调节表)
Part B Current Receivables 短期应收款
In this part, we are going to learn:
The classification of “Receivables”
Accounts receivable
Notes receivable
Receivables
Receivables are pany’s claims to the future collection of cash, other assets or services. 应收款是企业在未来要求收取现金、其他资产或者服务的权利。
Receivables
Trade receivables 商业应收款: resulting from the sale of goods or services.
Nontrade receivables 非商业应收款: not resulti