文档介绍：专业英语翻译技巧
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一、被动语态句的翻译方法
(一)顺译法
译成汉语的被动句
在译文中添加“被”、“受”等字
The heated water is thus cooled as it goes through the radiator.
当热水流过散热器时,就被冷却了。
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The integrated circuit is ed by most of users.
集成电路受到了广大用户的欢迎。
在译文中添加“由”、“把”等字
The electric-light bulb was created by Thomas Edison.
电灯泡是由爱迪生发明的。
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在译文中添加“叫做”、“称为”、”命名为“等
Light mon sources is termed incoherent light.
来自普通光源的光称为非相干光。
Be called ……叫做
Be named……命名为
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(二)由as引出主语补足语的被动语态词组
Be classified as 被划分为
Be considered as 被认为是
Be described as 被描述为
Be regarded as 被看作
Heat is regarded as a form of energy.
热被看作是能的一种形式。
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转化法
(一)把动作的发出者转换为主语
Only a small portion of solar energy is now being used by us.
现在我们只能利用一小部分太阳能。
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(二)把原句的谓语转换为主语
Energy is defined as the ability to do work.
能的定义为做功的能力。
puter is characterized by its accurate and putations.
计算机的主要特点是计算准确而迅速。
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(三)把原句中的某一状语转换为主语
The data concerned are provided in the third chapter.
第三章提供了有关的资料。
(四)主谓合译
Attention should be paid to the study of ceramics.
应该注意陶瓷的研究。
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三、增补法
(一)增补适当的逻辑主语
若原句中并未包含动作的发出者,为使译文清楚,可以从逻辑考虑,添加适当的主语,如“我们”“人们”“大家”“有人”等词。
Air is known to possess weight.
大家知道空气具有重量。
He was seen designing a new type machine.
有人看见他在设计一台新型机器。
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由it做形式主语的被动语态句型
It做形式主语的被动语态句型很多,有些在汉译时已有固定的译法。
It is found that ……有人发现……
It is pointed that ……有人指出……
It is regarded that ……人们认为……
It is thought that……人们认为…….
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