文档介绍：be动词、助动词、冠词用法
Be动词用法歌
I用am, you用are;
Is 连着 he(他), she(她), it 它;
单数名词用is ,
复数名词全用are
助动词be的用法:
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:
They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。
English is ing more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。
2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:
The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。
English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。
3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:
a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:
He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。
We are to teach the freshpersons. 我们要教新生。
说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。
b. 表示命令,例如:
You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。
He is e to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。
c. 征求意见,例如:
How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他?
Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢?
d. 表示相约、商定,例如:
We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。
助动词DO的用法
1. DO包括do,does,did三种形式,主要用于特殊的句型中。
Do you know him? 你认识他吗?(用于一般疑问句。)
He didn'e to school today. 他今天没上学。(用于否定句。)
Never did I see such a beautiful girl. 我从没看见过如此漂亮的女孩。(用于以否定副词开头的倒装句中。)
He failed the exam, didn't he? 考试不及格,是吗?(用于附加疑问句中。)
I do believe you. 我真的相信你。(用于加强语气句,后接原形动词。)
He passed the exam, and so did I. 他通过考试了,我也一样。(用于代替前句已用过的一般动词以避免重复,句子用倒装形式。)
助动词have的用法:
1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态,例如:
He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。
By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。
2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如
I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。
3) have+ been +过去分