文档介绍：CHAPTER 8
Distribution Center, Warehouse, and Plant Location
8-2
Learning Objectives
To understand the economic importance of facility location.
To learn of traditional site location theory on plant/warehouse location.
To describe the major factors that influence location decisions.
To explain system to determine the location that minimizes transportation costs.
Finding the Lowest-Cost Location
Traditional site location theory can be used to show that one or several locations will minimize transportation costs.
While most solutions to locational problems currently puter analysis, such analysis may not be needed if the relevant parameters are not plex.
Grid systems can be used to determine an optimal location (defined as the lowest cost) for one additional facility.
Center-of-Gravity Approach
Grid systems are checkerboard patterns that are placed on a map, as in Figure8-1, and the grid is numbered in two directions: horizontal and vertical.
Center-of-gravity approach can be used for locating a single facility so that the distance to existing facilities is minimized.
Figure 8-1 shows a grid system placed over a map of five existing retail stores. At issue is where a warehousing facility to serve these stores should be located.
Assuming that each store receive the same volume and that straight-line distances are used, the best (lowest-cost) for a warehousing facility to serve the five stores is determined by taking the average north-south coordinates and the average east-west coordinates of the retail stores.